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b/content/articles/emacsen-000-de-luis-saravia-para-sus-hijos.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..53d9e41 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/articles/emacsen-000-de-luis-saravia-para-sus-hijos.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +Author: LuiSaravia. +Category: Love +Date: 2010-01-11 15:30 +Image: emacsen-000-de-luis-saravia-para-sus-hijos.png +License: CC BY-NC 3.0 +Lang: es +Og_video: {static}/wp-content/uploads/emacsen-000-de-luis-saravia-para-sus-hijos.mp4 +VideoID: 5dde21e2440de0fcda01bf +Slug: Papá +Tags: familia, amor, papa, mama, hermanos +Time: 2:00 +Title: De Luis Saravia para sus hijos + +
+ +
+

De Luis Saravia para sus hijos

+
+
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+V93sjIMCA+sNAaEZISgttUUSS/IUZWe1CpLQvUSIAphIcwJQI2e8TQz5nvUVZU+S +fWaMCgpGEoW0DbzwutiIJDRfmbtUtWHMLzXhR1m5VfJDb9W5gB09Uo78MOKox2lT +RY+dXNxJkztl3jDBlnjnpYMVU6R65tyJNxF856Bp+sd3+KUuQpMszAQAna8u3PhP +XZj429pgKVntJF85WdZKumO+IS5atuGABSo88HdvMNGgPCh8jleyVzFYX/9NH3a4 +RvNWo0nTGYciJGHioeK0I7lysGufxQgodGXy/rJhscY3T6GTtKZ0Ef3KHFFUXXQ6 +QNsXiILNcN40zlWptQatQ0cwMI2ezs2xbTiKSenL9LwMXSoNGoanmKnO2n+guj1b +P3nHew3chhgahWAj07Pq2X5Qtos0rZUGQbQkc1q2cEDT5rUdxRMWMLDXiBMCFSPL +cmlB4Wo1MGgSE6fdt98fbWD9enyMVA0RNgwrLS7G/nFaiq9xxPdzwqV404vNt8gU +iWQ/U0ufNytIkoPZm+AMfyYUbVnJdjA1KH5TNx9A8LkCDQRZNEQjARAAqGyD3DTj +KLgNZ8kQcS/pfi+59LM2uehFXuGbpOebsERHqN4seHV6KyYkls1j+Oeh6wa7HDie +NBnshr+AHw0/b5Oed4rqAMTSPRtG2JqxFUKN80EUBKIu2CPPb8GHReV/LYy9iT4z +bOEpvrMw4i7BniNf2R9Qq++fZ9D6FGwg8AvR1/e4PAWF1fMc6uqX2Hx0a4/MN/ry +LeV3GfDRVO8EXHg/snbRvgk1TDZDCAjdkYIQYN9K7i2OtZWu6gLlkRP2MxaP77rz +Diol8gqBsvXGp7JIEYdL4pCkKKDIokoeoh52hfmnMWkbkOwkEaVmEEiCxw2drLeD +afgFSLlEmaXg4DB1X3LMVUS5bBaoJVmL6T+iIn1FLkP7EiPWP3YE+Bc2V18Ob0D9 +qkzHHKZQt+ao76KeWylUH8Sa75/b2gKkPV915kmuPt8t1HmVbVLHfEAQDUhnq8U4 +oZIWiQagU2SZiSOd6EEkS0cA/qlwh+Cq7j2u2mYr2QKPNGAEQCX3wbiVcKVN4LL3 +P/Uz9GlYwMxq9hrbD+a7dB8m4VGm9OE+kxE5uGC2drMj3lbu3CV2jGEWudqcM/pl +4k1/CNu6wHvBlAElAg9fBXTS6vR0rCAIgRVJCSLH6XiNcc194Ri8IRyqIFJfqJCH +NGVUhyK59jZtAlpbKKiRDhVG815JK5WbEZcAEQEAAYkCPAQYAQgAJhYhBE3yG2p8 +ECGyXDYJFPbue8WaMVdmBQJZNEQjAhsMBQkJZgGAAAoJEPbue8WaMVdmXVYQAJx7 +05Byf82XfRD/gNUxPLExfGtLFtkQlecIWxDYZuAsQl0djlUV+u1E8lKhqS04tRou +50/uR1lER2LK0TBrhKGah8gPnJx7qCRZlVRsCfcj2D9dmRP/gNg9M62FQxUGGPwp +q6p6+Ywx9qUGfJlmuPKuj4JsufLTUId1MAaXzen9sw2GgZnZzguZmDprED1yiGjm +Fx2ObJO2sqgwawGcwUfF7fvrM0yPEZd+BmrfMn5KrG+fKkbiBEdzldQ8Ico9khLq +ZVl9EE1XUX9WbyhxadiZAIhs7glKhaZ0A4154I1/7oB5au74bvyTfFSpft8SPMtS +/qqrY2fMo+jDmH0VbUUO1yIFFLmiIgkIGWNFGT+AS74CdZQrLrcxjplNoHzZzfVP +8+KOKcaZS3toPqQJL5XR8u/nKI4yGiD1mjB3UxtvAShD0due5tw5i4gt8lRs38Nk +23dL3C0Iu5/+LH9YujOdKz4YoZsMv7HwIrlXSDqFcDrgC8/MgQ01sVC2HyjnSqH8 +d6q6leOvGh2xFi3ySXirJfstiVeHDMMFB49VtQZpmtg9JjUsk085cuYs9A2QA0Md +qOJQeyKp/nB5cI+K63Z5mRHRuQnh/7Nc62ToDmfOYeRHoJ3rBNI8QCsDg8K4pQvT +B8CbICCaE8LnaaAiNgwMwiBR+ctKwF0gpXE8afhf +=WvAu +-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK----- diff --git a/content/pages/404.md b/content/pages/404.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4a19008 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/404.md @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +Date: 2017-02-22 16:54 +Modified: 2017-10-08 03:07 +Save_as: 404.html +Status: hidden +Title: No se encontró la página + +Parece que no hay nada en este lugar. ¿Y si pruebas una búsqueda? diff --git a/content/pages/acerca-de.eo.md b/content/pages/acerca-de.eo.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..75c8504 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/acerca-de.eo.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2016-07-28 17:43 +Lang: eo +Modified: 2017-04-27 16:15 +Slug: acerca-de +Status: hidden +Title: Pri + +## Kio estas LibreTube? + +LibreTube estas videa eldona platformo sen kodiga procezo +sur la servilo. I estas simpla kaj simpla retejo por la prezentado de videoj. + +## Kunlaborado + +Vi povas skribi artikulojn por ĉi tia retpaĝaro, traduki aŭ kunlabori +kun la programado. En la +[legumino da fonta kodo da retpaĝaro](https://libregit.org/heckyel/libretube/src/master/README.markdown#colaboraci%C3%B3n) +estas la informo pri kiel fari ĝin. diff --git a/content/pages/acerca-de.md b/content/pages/acerca-de.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ac31cd --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/acerca-de.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2019-02-04 08:03 +Lang: es +Modified: 2019-02-04 09:03 +Slug: acerca-de +Status: hidden +Title: Acerca + +## ¿Qué es LibreTube? + +LibreTube es una plataforma de publicación de vídeos sin proceso de codificación +en el servidor. Es una web simple y sencilla para la presentación de vídeos. + +## Colaboración + +Puedes escribir un artículo de vídeo para este sitio web, hacer una +traducción o colaborar en el desarrollo. La información sobre cómo +hacerlo, se encuentra en el +[README del código fuente de la web][colaboracion]. + +[colaboracion]: https://libregit.org/heckyel/libretube/src/branch/master/README.md +[libertades]: https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html diff --git a/content/pages/apoyo-economico.en.md b/content/pages/apoyo-economico.en.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ddfc329 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/apoyo-economico.en.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2017-10-28 17:46 +Lang: en +Modified: 2018-07-03 03:17 +Slug: apoyo-economico +Status: published +Title: Economic support + +Since its birth, this website has used only free software and has been +free of ads. However, maintaining a website like this one requires both +time and money. [Donations]({filename}/pages/donaciones.en.md) for +encourage its development and improvement. + +You can choose between different donation methods. + +## Liberapay + +Donate diff --git a/content/pages/apoyo-economico.eo.md b/content/pages/apoyo-economico.eo.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..07c8a86 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/apoyo-economico.eo.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2018-07-03 02:06 +Lang: eo +Slug: apoyo-economico +Status: published +Title: Ekonomika subteno + +Ekde ĝia nasko, ĉi tia retpaĝaro uzis nur liberan programaron kaj +estis sen anoncoj. Tamen, bonteni retpaĝaron kiel ĉi tia bezonas kaj +tempon kaj monon. [Donacoj]({filename}/pages/donaciones.eo.md) por +instigi ĝian ellaboradon kaj plibonigon. + +## Liberapay + +Donaci diff --git a/content/pages/apoyo-economico.md b/content/pages/apoyo-economico.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5d51309 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/apoyo-economico.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2017-01-22 18:33 +Lang: es +Modified: 2018-04-29 22:48 +Slug: apoyo-economico +Status: published +Title: Apoyo económico + +Desde su nacimiento, esta página ha usado solo software libre y ha +estado libre de publicidad. Sin embargo, para mantener un sitio web como +este se requiere tiempo y dinero. Las +[donaciones]({filename}/pages/donaciones.md) son para +fomentar su desarrollo y mejora. + +Puedes eligir entre diferentes formas de realizar donaciones. + +## Liberapay + +Dona diff --git a/content/pages/buscar.php.md b/content/pages/buscar.php.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e9de76a --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/buscar.php.md @@ -0,0 +1,195 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2017-04-22 20:38 +Modified: 2020-06-11 11:38 +Save_as: buscar.php +Status: hidden +Title: Resultados + +
+ 0) { + $score += 10 * $match_count; + } + + } + if ($score != 0) { + $found_results[] = [ + 'score' => $score, + 'title' => $page['title'], + 'time' => $page['time'], + 'videoThumbnail' => $page['videoThumbnail'], + 'url' => $page['url'], + 'published' => $page['published'], + 'publishedText' => $page['publishedText'], + 'author' => $page['author'], + 'authorUrl' => $page['authorUrl'], + ]; + } + } + + /** + * Compare results score. + */ + function comp_result_score($a, $b) { + if ($a['score'] == $b['score']) { + return 0; + } + return ($a['score'] > $b['score']) ? -1 : 1; + }; + + if ($stop_words_ignored) { + printf(' +
+
%s
+
+
', 'Algunas palabras «comunes» fueron ignoradas'); + } + + $found_results_count = count($found_results); + + if ($found_results_count > 0) { + usort($found_results, 'comp_result_score'); + if ($found_results_count == 1) { + $found_results_count_str = NULL; + } + } else if ($found_results_count == 0) { + $found_results_count_str = NULL; + printf('
%s
', 'No se ha encontrado nada'); + } + + // Init head + printf(' +
+
'); + foreach ($found_results as $found_result) { + printf(' + ', + $found_result['url'], $found_result['videoThumbnail'], $found_result['title'], + $found_result['time'], $found_result['url'], $found_result['title'], + $found_result['title'], $found_result['published'], $found_result['publishedText'], + $found_result['authorUrl'], $found_result['author']); + } + +} else { + printf('
%s
', 'Aún no has buscado'); +} +// End head +printf('
+
'); +?> +
diff --git a/content/pages/contacto.de.md b/content/pages/contacto.de.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2bf587c --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/contacto.de.md @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2019-02-04 07:52 +Lang: de +Modified: 2019-02-04 07:55 +Slug: contacto +Status: published +Title: Kontakt + +Mein Email ist +[heckyel@hyperbola.info](mailto:heckyel@hyperbola.info). Nutz +meinen +GPG öffentlichen Schlüssel +([4DF2 1B6A 7C10 21B2 5C36 0914 F6EE 7BC5 9A31 5766]({filename}/heckyel_pub.asc)), +damit die Nachricht nicht von anderen Personen gelesen werden kann. diff --git a/content/pages/contacto.en.md b/content/pages/contacto.en.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..91f9b34 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/contacto.en.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2019-02-04 07:51 +Lang: en +Modified: 2019-02-04 07:52 +Slug: contacto +Status: published +Title: Contact + +My email is +[heckyel@hyperbola.info](mailto:heckyel@hyperbola.info). Use my +GPG public key +([4DF2 1B6A 7C10 21B2 5C36 0914 F6EE 7BC5 9A31 5766]({filename}/heckyel_pub.asc)) +so that other people cannot read the message. diff --git a/content/pages/contacto.eo.md b/content/pages/contacto.eo.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..31b8cc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/contacto.eo.md @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2019-02-04 07:36 +Lang: eo +Slug: contacto +Status: published +Title: Kontakto + +Mia retpoŝto estas +[heckyel@hyperbola.info](mailto:heckyel@hyperbola.info). Uzu mian +GPG publikan ŝlosilon +([4DF2 1B6A 7C10 21B2 5C36 0914 F6EE 7BC5 9A31 5766]({filename}/heckyel_pub.asc)) +por ke aliaj personoj ne povus legi la mesaĝon. diff --git a/content/pages/contacto.md b/content/pages/contacto.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..af7c80e --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/contacto.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2019-02-04 07:36 +Lang: es +Modified: 2019-02-04 07:38 +Slug: contacto +Status: published +Title: Contacto + +Mi correo electrónico es +[heckyel@hyperbola.info](mailto:heckyel@hyperbola.info). Utiliza mi +clave pública GPG +([4DF2 1B6A 7C10 21B2 5C36 0914 F6EE 7BC5 9A31 5766]({filename}/heckyel_pub.asc)) +para evitar que el mensaje pueda ser leído por otras personas. diff --git a/content/pages/donaciones.de.md b/content/pages/donaciones.de.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..34f0376 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/donaciones.de.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2018-03-29 00:29 +Lang: de +Slug: donaciones +Status: hidden +Title: Spenden + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DatumSpenderWährungAnzahl
2018-02-12NamenlosFaircoin0,008
diff --git a/content/pages/donaciones.en.md b/content/pages/donaciones.en.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed7729f --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/donaciones.en.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2018-03-29 00:29 +Lang: en +Slug: donaciones +Status: hidden +Title: Donations + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DateDonorCurrencyAmount
2018-02-12AnonymousFaircoin0.008
diff --git a/content/pages/donaciones.eo.md b/content/pages/donaciones.eo.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8257ac4 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/donaciones.eo.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2018-03-29 00:29 +Lang: eo +Slug: donaciones +Status: hidden +Title: Donatoj + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DatoDonacantojValutoKvanto
2018-02-12anonimaFaircoin0,008
diff --git a/content/pages/donaciones.fr.md b/content/pages/donaciones.fr.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..67418f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/donaciones.fr.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2018-03-29 00:29 +Lang: fr +Slug: donaciones +Status: hidden +Title: Donations + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
DateDonateurDeviseMontant
2018-02-12AnonymeFaircoin0,008
diff --git a/content/pages/donaciones.md b/content/pages/donaciones.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ecaa61f --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/donaciones.md @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2018-03-29 00:29 +Lang: es +Slug: donaciones +Status: hidden +Title: Donaciones + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
FechaDonanteMonedaCantidad
2018-02-12AnónimaFaircoin0,008
diff --git a/content/pages/estructura-de-directorios.md b/content/pages/estructura-de-directorios.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e0c20a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/estructura-de-directorios.md @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +Author: Jorge Maldonado Ventura +Date: 2018-01-28 17:35 +Lang: es +Slug: estructura-de-directorios +Status: hidden +Title: Estructura de directorios + +## Ficheros del directorio raíz + +- `LICENSE`. La licencia de software libre del proyecto. +- `Makefile`. Archivo para la automatización de tareas. +- `pelicanconf.py`. Configuración local del proyecto. +- `publishconf.py`. Configuración en producción de la web. + +Si hace falta cambiar algún parámetro de configuración genérico, se debe +editar el archivo `pelicanconf.py`. De tratarse de un ajuste que solo +necesita aplicarse durante la generación final, debe añadirse a +`publishconf.py`. Ejecuta `make` sin parámetros en este dictorio para +ver todas las opciones de `Makefile` disponibles. + +## Directorios + +- `content`. Contenido de la web: artículos, páginas, imágenes, etc. +- `libretube-theme`. Diseño de la página web. +- `plugins`. Complementos para Pelican. +- `output`. El directorio donde se suele generar la página web. + +Algunos de estos directorios se explican con más detalle a continuación. + +### `content` + +Aquí se guarda todo el contenido de la web. Todos los artículos se +encuentran en este directorio, incluidas las traducciones a artículos. +Los archivos de traducción indican el código del idioma antes de la +extensión `.md`. Si existe un artículo llamado `texto-sobre-algo.md`, +entonces la traducción al esperanto, por ejemplo, se debe llamar +`texto-sobre-algo.eo.md`. El idioma principal de la web es el +castellano. + +Además de los artículos hay otro tipo de contenido que se organiza en +directorios: + +- `asciicast`. Vídeos realizados con asciinema. +- `css`. El código CSS. +- `fonts`. Fuentes tipográficas. +- `js`. Código JavaScript. +- `pages`. Páginas que se encuentran en la barra lateral. +- `wp-content`. Contiene todo lo que no encaja en ningún otro sitio. En + gran parte contiene imágenes. Los archivos se han de ubicar en la + carpeta correspondiente al año y al mes en el que se añaden. Por + ejemplo, el directorio `/wp-content/uploads/article/images/2018/01/` + contiene los archivos de enero de 2018. + +El código CSS, JS y las fuentes aquí encontrados no aparecen en todos +los artículos. Por esta razón, se ubican aquí (y no en `cl-theme`)y +son cargados cuando un artículo los necesita usando los complementos +pelican-css y pelican-js + +### `libretube-theme` + +Contiene varias carpetas: + +- `static`. Aquí se encuentran los archivos estáticos (como imágenes, + fuentes tipográficas, JavaScript, CSS) +- `templates`. Aquí están las plantillas que usan el lenguaje Jinja2. + Puedes aprender más sobre los archivos de plantillas de Pelican y cómo + acceder a sus variables en [su + documentación](http://docs.getpelican.com/en/stable/themes.html) (solo + está disponible en inglés). +- `translations`. Aquí se ubican las traducciones del tema de la página. + +Además están los archivos `Makefile`, que contiene las intrucciones más +comunes para trabajar con traducciones; `babel.cfg`, la configuración de +traducciones; y `message.po`, el catalogo de mensajes traducibles. + +### `plugins` + +Para aprender cómo funcionan los complementos en Pelican, consulta [su +documentación](http://docs.getpelican.com/en/stable/plugins.html) +(solo está disponible en inglés). diff --git a/content/pages/libreJS.md b/content/pages/libreJS.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ae01036 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/pages/libreJS.md @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2019-04-01 19:46 +Modified: 2019-04-28 10:03 +Slug: librejs +Status: hidden +Title: LibreJS + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Tabla de Licencias de JavaScript
ArchivoLicenciaFuente
plyr.min.jsExpatplyr.tar.gz
play.jsGPL-3.0play.js
hashover.jsAGPL-3.0hashover.js
diff --git "a/content/pages/pol\303\255tica-de-uso.eo.md" "b/content/pages/pol\303\255tica-de-uso.eo.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2767ee5 --- /dev/null +++ "b/content/pages/pol\303\255tica-de-uso.eo.md" @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2018-08-08 18:14 +Lang: eo +Save_as: pages/regularo-pri-uzado +Slug: política-de-uso +Status: hidden +Title: Regularo pri uzado +Url: pages/regularo-pri-uzado + +Oni akceptas sugestojn kaj aliigojn de ĉi tiu regularo adresitaj per la +[koncernaĵo-administrilo de LibreTube](https://libregit.org/heckyel/libretube/issues) +aŭ per [nia kontakta retpoŝto]({filename}/pages/contacto.md). + +## Kondiĉaro pro uzado + +Ni ne akceptas la respondecon pri la eblaj problemoj derivitaj de la +uzado de nia retpaĝaro. Ni akceptas kritikojn kaj korrektojn por pliboni +la paĝaron kaj solvi la eblajn erarojn, kiujn ni havigu. + +LibreTube respektas la opiniojn, kritikojn kaj proponojn esprimitaj en +komentoj. Ni havas la rajton forigi la spamojn. + +Kiam ebla, ni penas fari la paĝaron alirebla al pli granda nombro de +homoj eble: al malkapablaj homoj; al kiu retumas kun Ĝavaskripto +maleblita; al homoj, kiu uzas teksto-retumilojn; kun multa trafiklimigo, +ktp. + +Kie ne notita kontraŭon, la licencoj de LibreTube estas la +[CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/deed.eo) de +publikaĵo, por la enhavo (tekstoj, bildoj, videoj, komentoj...), kaj la +AGPLv3 de +libera programaro, por la programaro. LibreTube Lankaŭ uzas +programaron farita de aliaj, kiu povas trovi je alia licenco de libera +programaro, konsultu [informon pri +licencoj](https://libregit.org/heckyel/libretube#informaci%C3%B3n-de-licencias) +por pli informo pri la programaraj licencoj. + +## Regularo pri privateco + +LT estas gastita en [Tuxfamily](https://tuxfamily.org/). +Ci tiu provizanto de gastigo uzas +[Nginx](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx)-servilon, kiu +gastigas en dosieroj aliro-datumoj: IP, uzita retumilo, dato de vizito, ktp. Ĉi tiu +informo estas malpersona, sed oni povus ritali al vizitantaj homoj. Oni +povas viziti la retpaĝaron kun prokurilo kiel +[Tor](https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_(programaro)) aŭ +VPN por havi pli privatecon. + +Pri la artikoloj oni povas fari anonimajn komentojn, kun falsaj nomoj aŭ +kun realaj datumoj. Okaze de ajno volu forigi aŭ rektifi komenton, ri devu +[kontakti nin]({filename}/pages/contacto.md) +demonstranta, kiu vi skribis la komenton, en tiu kazo ni indikos, ke oni +eliminis aŭ modifis la komenton kiel ni trovis tion bone, ĉiam penante +esti plej travidebla eble kun la aliaj partoprenantoj de la konversacio +kaj evitante perdi la ĉirkaŭtekston de aliaj komentoj. diff --git "a/content/pages/pol\303\255tica-de-uso.md" "b/content/pages/pol\303\255tica-de-uso.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000..34f9273 --- /dev/null +++ "b/content/pages/pol\303\255tica-de-uso.md" @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +Author: Jesús E. +Date: 2018-03-05 16:30 +Modified: 2018-07-28 15:50 +Lang: es +Slug: política-de-uso +Status: hidden +Title: Política de uso + +Se aceptan sugerencias y cambios a estas políticas enviados mediante el +[gestor de incidencias de LibreTube](https://libregit.org/heckyel/libretube/issues) +o usando +nuestro [correo de contacto]({filename}/pages/contacto.md). + +## Condiciones de uso + +No nos hacemos responsables sobre los posibles problemas derivados del +uso de nuestro sitio web. Aceptamos críticas y correcciones para mejorar +la página y subsanar los posibles errores que hayamos podido cometer. + +LibreTube respeta las opiniones, críticas o sugerencias expresadas en +comentarios. Nos reservamos el derecho de eliminar mensajes +publicitarios. + +En la medida de lo posible, tratamos de hacer el sitio web accesible al +mayor número de personas posible: personas discapacitadas, a quien +navega con JavaScript desactivado, personas que usan navegadores de +texto, con poco ancho de banda, etc. + +Donde no se indique lo contrario, las licencias de LibreTube son la de +dominio público +[CC0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/), para el +contenido, +y la de software libre +AGPLv3, +para el software. LibreTube también usa software +producido por terceros que puede encontrar bajo otra licencia de +software libre, consulte [Información de +licencias](https://libregit.org/heckyel/libretube#informaci%C3%B3n-de-licencias) +para más información sobre las licencias de software. + +## Política de privacidad + +LT está alojado en [TuxFamily](https://tuxfamily.org). Este +proveedor de alojamiento web utiliza un servidor +[Nginx](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nginx) que almacena +en ficheros datos de acceso: dirección +IP, navegador utilizado, fecha de +visita, etc. Esta información no es personal, pero podría ser +relacionada con la persona visitante. El sitio web puede ser accedido +usando un proxy como +[Tor](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_(red_de_anonimato)) o una +RPV +para contar con mayor privacidad. + +Sobre los artículos se pueden realizar comentarios anónimos, con nombres +falsos o con datos reales. En caso de que alguien desee eliminar o +rectificar un comentario, deberá +[contactarnos]({filename}/pages/contacto.md) demostrándonos +que escribió ese comentario, en cuyo caso indicaremos que el comentario +ha sido eliminado o modificado de la forma que estimemos oportuna, +siempre intentando ser lo más transparentes posibles con el resto de +participantes en la conversación y evitando perder el contexto de otros +comentarios. diff --git a/content/robots.txt b/content/robots.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3ede234 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/robots.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +User-Agent: * + +Sitemap: https://lablibre.tuxfamily.org/sitemap.xml diff --git a/content/wp-content/uploads/article/images/emacsen-000-de-luis-saravia-para-sus-hijos.png b/content/wp-content/uploads/article/images/emacsen-000-de-luis-saravia-para-sus-hijos.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a85250 Binary files /dev/null and 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a/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/english.vtt b/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/english.vtt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d6c38e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/english.vtt @@ -0,0 +1,1209 @@ +WEBVTT + +1 +00:00:11.100 --> 00:00:15.360 +free software is the first battle in the + +2 +00:00:15.360 --> 00:00:17.360 +liberation of cyberspace + +3 +00:00:17.360 --> 00:00:20.080 +who controls your computer + +4 +00:00:20.080 --> 00:00:22.440 +is it you or is it some + +5 +00:00:22.440 --> 00:00:25.600 +big company that's really controlling it + +6 +00:00:25.830 --> 00:00:28.610 +well what is a computer a computer is a + +7 +00:00:28.610 --> 00:00:32.660 +universal machine it will do any + +8 +00:00:32.660 --> 00:00:35.640 +computation you wanted to because you + +9 +00:00:35.640 --> 00:00:37.770 +give it a program that says what the + +10 +00:00:37.770 --> 00:00:40.460 +computation is that you want so the + +11 +00:00:40.460 --> 00:00:42.510 +computer only knows how to get out and + +12 +00:00:42.510 --> 00:00:44.430 +instruction and do it and get add + +13 +00:00:44.430 --> 00:00:46.320 +another instruction and do it + +14 +00:00:46.320 --> 00:00:48.890 +the program has the instructions it says + +15 +00:00:48.890 --> 00:00:52.280 +what to do and so you by writing the + +16 +00:00:52.280 --> 00:00:53.870 +right program you can make it do + +17 +00:00:53.870 --> 00:00:56.760 +anything well almost anything + +18 +00:00:56.760 --> 00:00:59.480 +um so who gives the instructions to your + +19 +00:00:59.480 --> 00:01:01.890 +computer you might think it's obeying + +20 +00:01:01.890 --> 00:01:05.480 +your instructions when really it's + +21 +00:01:05.480 --> 00:01:08.760 +obeying somebody else first and you only + +22 +00:01:08.760 --> 00:01:11.100 +as much as that company wants it too + +23 +00:01:11.100 --> 00:01:14.640 +will let it listen to you with software + +24 +00:01:14.640 --> 00:01:16.380 +there are two possibilities either the + +25 +00:01:16.380 --> 00:01:19.470 +users control the program or the program + +26 +00:01:19.470 --> 00:01:22.740 +controls the users it's inevitably one + +27 +00:01:22.740 --> 00:01:23.850 +or the other + +28 +00:01:23.850 --> 00:01:26.580 +so in order for the users to control the + +29 +00:01:26.580 --> 00:01:28.790 +program they need the four essential + +30 +00:01:28.790 --> 00:01:32.670 +freedoms and that's the definition of + +31 +00:01:32.670 --> 00:01:36.900 +free software free software respects the + +32 +00:01:36.900 --> 00:01:39.000 +users freedom and community now we often + +33 +00:01:39.000 --> 00:01:41.460 +call it libra using the french or + +34 +00:01:41.460 --> 00:01:43.400 +spanish word pronounce it as you like + +35 +00:01:43.400 --> 00:01:45.810 +the point is that's what we mean we + +36 +00:01:45.810 --> 00:01:47.790 +don't mean it's gratis we're not talking + +37 +00:01:47.790 --> 00:01:49.970 +about price we're concerned with your + +38 +00:01:49.970 --> 00:01:53.430 +freedom and we sometimes say free / + +39 +00:01:53.430 --> 00:01:56.720 +libre to show that so freedom zeros the + +40 +00:01:56.720 --> 00:01:59.150 +freedom to run the program as you wish + +41 +00:01:59.150 --> 00:02:02.490 +for whatever purpose freedom one is the + +42 +00:02:02.490 --> 00:02:04.500 +freedom to study the source code of the + +43 +00:02:04.500 --> 00:02:07.740 +program and change it so it does the + +44 +00:02:07.740 --> 00:02:10.640 +computing you wanted to do but what is + +45 +00:02:10.640 --> 00:02:12.450 +the source code well every program + +46 +00:02:12.450 --> 00:02:13.550 +typically will have to + +47 +00:02:13.550 --> 00:02:16.730 +forms there's the form that you can read + +48 +00:02:16.730 --> 00:02:19.100 +and you can understand if you know the + +49 +00:02:19.100 --> 00:02:21.290 +programming language that's the source + +50 +00:02:21.290 --> 00:02:24.500 +that's what programmers write and change + +51 +00:02:24.500 --> 00:02:25.940 +then there's the executable which is a + +52 +00:02:25.940 --> 00:02:28.250 +bunch of numbers which even a programmer + +53 +00:02:28.250 --> 00:02:30.410 +can figure out if all you get is the + +54 +00:02:30.410 --> 00:02:32.810 +executable it's a horrible pain in the + +55 +00:02:32.810 --> 00:02:35.330 +neck to figure out what it does and even + +56 +00:02:35.330 --> 00:02:38.270 +harder to change it so to give you the + +57 +00:02:38.270 --> 00:02:41.600 +real possibility to study and change it + +58 +00:02:41.600 --> 00:02:42.880 +they've got to give you the source code + +59 +00:02:42.880 --> 00:02:46.190 +that's a requirement well with those two + +60 +00:02:46.190 --> 00:02:49.820 +freedoms each user separately can make a + +61 +00:02:49.820 --> 00:02:52.100 +copy and start changing it and make it + +62 +00:02:52.100 --> 00:02:53.750 +do what she wants + +63 +00:02:53.750 --> 00:02:57.650 +that's individual control but what if + +64 +00:02:57.650 --> 00:02:59.390 +you're not a programmer you look at the + +65 +00:02:59.390 --> 00:03:01.640 +source code and you don't understand it + +66 +00:03:01.640 --> 00:03:04.820 +individual control isn't enough + +67 +00:03:04.820 --> 00:03:07.700 +we also need collective control which + +68 +00:03:07.700 --> 00:03:09.260 +means any group of users are free to + +69 +00:03:09.260 --> 00:03:11.780 +work together to adapt the program to + +70 +00:03:11.780 --> 00:03:14.210 +what they want of course in the group + +71 +00:03:14.210 --> 00:03:16.430 +some of them are programmers they're the + +72 +00:03:16.430 --> 00:03:18.830 +ones who actually write the changes but + +73 +00:03:18.830 --> 00:03:20.450 +they're doing it as part of the group + +74 +00:03:20.450 --> 00:03:23.200 +for what the group wants course the + +75 +00:03:23.200 --> 00:03:25.340 +group doesn't have to be everybody so + +76 +00:03:25.340 --> 00:03:27.770 +others can use it some other way they're + +77 +00:03:27.770 --> 00:03:30.620 +all free to do that so collective + +78 +00:03:30.620 --> 00:03:32.630 +control requires two more essential + +79 +00:03:32.630 --> 00:03:34.970 +freedoms freedom to is the freedom to + +80 +00:03:34.970 --> 00:03:37.450 +redistribute exact copies to make the + +81 +00:03:37.450 --> 00:03:39.290 +copies and then give them away or sell + +82 +00:03:39.290 --> 00:03:42.500 +them when you wish and freedom three is + +83 +00:03:42.500 --> 00:03:44.420 +similar but it's for your modified + +84 +00:03:44.420 --> 00:03:46.550 +versions you're free to make copies and + +85 +00:03:46.550 --> 00:03:48.320 +then give them or sell them when you + +86 +00:03:48.320 --> 00:03:49.100 +wish + +87 +00:03:49.100 --> 00:03:51.500 +so we do have these freedoms that it's + +88 +00:03:51.500 --> 00:03:53.200 +free software the users control the + +89 +00:03:53.200 --> 00:03:55.700 +program but if any of those freedoms is + +90 +00:03:55.700 --> 00:03:58.940 +missing then the users don't control the + +91 +00:03:58.940 --> 00:04:01.400 +program instead the program controls the + +92 +00:04:01.400 --> 00:04:04.400 +users and the developer controls the + +93 +00:04:04.400 --> 00:04:07.790 +program so that means this program is an + +94 +00:04:07.790 --> 00:04:11.120 +instrument of unjust power for its + +95 +00:04:11.120 --> 00:04:15.800 +developer / the users that means the + +96 +00:04:15.800 --> 00:04:18.730 +users don't have freedom that's non-free + +97 +00:04:18.730 --> 00:04:20.570 +proprietary software which we got to get + +98 +00:04:20.570 --> 00:04:21.410 +rid of + +99 +00:04:21.410 --> 00:04:23.720 +well when you've got proprietary + +100 +00:04:23.720 --> 00:04:26.380 +software what happens sometimes + +101 +00:04:26.380 --> 00:04:30.100 +program snoops on the user sometimes it + +102 +00:04:30.100 --> 00:04:34.300 +tracks the user sometimes it restricts + +103 +00:04:34.300 --> 00:04:37.900 +the user and stop users from doing what + +104 +00:04:37.900 --> 00:04:39.700 +they want to do you can see that the + +105 +00:04:39.700 --> 00:04:41.200 +blu-ray is your enemy + +106 +00:04:41.200 --> 00:04:44.860 +um sometimes the software remotely + +107 +00:04:44.860 --> 00:04:48.190 +deletes books as Amazon did with 1984 + +108 +00:04:48.190 --> 00:04:54.310 +but sometimes the developer compels + +109 +00:04:54.310 --> 00:04:58.540 +users to install a harmful upgrade by + +110 +00:04:58.540 --> 00:05:00.190 +threatening to take away other + +111 +00:05:00.190 --> 00:05:03.460 +functionality if it's not installed as + +112 +00:05:03.460 --> 00:05:05.860 +Sony did and sometimes they can even + +113 +00:05:05.860 --> 00:05:08.560 +forcibly change the software at a + +114 +00:05:08.560 --> 00:05:11.380 +distance as Microsoft can with windows + +115 +00:05:11.380 --> 00:05:13.750 +through the universal back door + +116 +00:05:13.750 --> 00:05:17.350 +I'm so sometimes they even sabotage + +117 +00:05:17.350 --> 00:05:19.930 +users as Microsoft does when it tells + +118 +00:05:19.930 --> 00:05:23.860 +the NSA about bugs in windows so it can + +119 +00:05:23.860 --> 00:05:26.350 +use them to attack people's computers + +120 +00:05:26.350 --> 00:05:28.930 +well what you get is basically with + +121 +00:05:28.930 --> 00:05:32.110 +proprietary software the owner has power + +122 +00:05:32.110 --> 00:05:35.500 +over the users and takes advantage of + +123 +00:05:35.500 --> 00:05:37.450 +this power putting in those various + +124 +00:05:37.450 --> 00:05:40.600 +malicious functionalities to hurt the + +125 +00:05:40.600 --> 00:05:43.300 +users of course they don't do this + +126 +00:05:43.300 --> 00:05:45.460 +because they're Satanist they're doing + +127 +00:05:45.460 --> 00:05:48.340 +it just for money for greed they have + +128 +00:05:48.340 --> 00:05:51.160 +various ways that they can profit from + +129 +00:05:51.160 --> 00:05:54.430 +having this power over users which does + +130 +00:05:54.430 --> 00:05:56.890 +not make it even the tiniest bit less + +131 +00:05:56.890 --> 00:05:59.950 +evil but they have no shame about it + +132 +00:05:59.950 --> 00:06:02.200 +they have conferences where they talk + +133 +00:06:02.200 --> 00:06:04.540 +about the latest ways they can take + +134 +00:06:04.540 --> 00:06:06.850 +advantage of users through the power + +135 +00:06:06.850 --> 00:06:10.210 +they have basically proprietary software + +136 +00:06:10.210 --> 00:06:14.260 +which in is now from almost all the + +137 +00:06:14.260 --> 00:06:15.940 +users of proprietary software they're + +138 +00:06:15.940 --> 00:06:19.210 +using proprietary malware its software + +139 +00:06:19.210 --> 00:06:20.500 +for suckers + +140 +00:06:20.500 --> 00:06:23.560 +so how do us how do you stop being the + +141 +00:06:23.560 --> 00:06:27.100 +victim formerly you have to stop using + +142 +00:06:27.100 --> 00:06:28.930 +computers but not anymore + +143 +00:06:28.930 --> 00:06:30.820 +now you can come join us in the free + +144 +00:06:30.820 --> 00:06:36.460 +world that we've built but in 1983 i can + +145 +00:06:36.460 --> 00:06:38.620 +announce i would develop a completely + +146 +00:06:38.620 --> 00:06:39.840 +free software up + +147 +00:06:39.840 --> 00:06:44.160 +rating system called GNU in 1992 we had + +148 +00:06:44.160 --> 00:06:46.380 +almost finished but one piece was + +149 +00:06:46.380 --> 00:06:49.270 +missing the Kernel Linux or vaults in + +150 +00:06:49.270 --> 00:06:50.370 +that year + +151 +00:06:50.370 --> 00:06:53.190 +freed his Kernel Linux which filled the + +152 +00:06:53.190 --> 00:06:56.190 +last gap and gave us the first complete + +153 +00:06:56.190 --> 00:06:58.470 +system you could run on a pc GNU plus + +154 +00:06:58.470 --> 00:07:04.290 +Linux so unfortunately having freedom at + +155 +00:07:04.290 --> 00:07:06.390 +one more point doesn't guarantee you'll + +156 +00:07:06.390 --> 00:07:08.940 +keep it there are over a thousand + +157 +00:07:08.940 --> 00:07:11.880 +different variants of GNU/Linux called + +158 +00:07:11.880 --> 00:07:14.880 +distributions a few of them are entirely + +159 +00:07:14.880 --> 00:07:17.700 +free software most of them have non-free + +160 +00:07:17.700 --> 00:07:19.620 +software added because they are + +161 +00:07:19.620 --> 00:07:21.990 +maintained by people who aren't + +162 +00:07:21.990 --> 00:07:23.880 +concerned about freedom they rather and + +163 +00:07:23.880 --> 00:07:25.770 +convenience but at the cost of freedom + +164 +00:07:25.770 --> 00:07:29.490 +so you have to check which is a free + +165 +00:07:29.490 --> 00:07:32.550 +distro to keep your freedom sometimes + +166 +00:07:32.550 --> 00:07:34.470 +requires a sacrifice sometimes a big + +167 +00:07:34.470 --> 00:07:38.640 +sacrifice as at Lexington sometimes but + +168 +00:07:38.640 --> 00:07:41.580 +but in our campaign they tend to be + +169 +00:07:41.580 --> 00:07:45.270 +little sacrifices anybody with a little + +170 +00:07:45.270 --> 00:07:46.740 +bit of maturity can make these + +171 +00:07:46.740 --> 00:07:49.590 +sacrifices for instance you want + +172 +00:07:49.590 --> 00:07:51.660 +applications but some of them are + +173 +00:07:51.660 --> 00:07:55.360 +non-free if you want freedom you got it do without them + +174 +00:07:55.360 --> 00:07:57.840 +so there may be some inconvenience is + +175 +00:07:57.840 --> 00:08:00.120 +you have to suffer for your freedom sake + +176 +00:08:00.120 --> 00:08:04.830 +then many websites send non-free + +177 +00:08:04.830 --> 00:08:07.680 +programs written in JavaScript to the + +178 +00:08:07.680 --> 00:08:09.990 +users browser if you don't want to run + +179 +00:08:09.990 --> 00:08:11.940 +non-free programs you should install + +180 +00:08:11.940 --> 00:08:15.490 +libre jas which blocks keeps out + +181 +00:08:15.490 --> 00:08:18.450 +non-free javascript and sometimes + +182 +00:08:18.450 --> 00:08:21.780 +servers will offer to do your computing + +183 +00:08:21.780 --> 00:08:24.510 +they say send us all your data obviously + +184 +00:08:24.510 --> 00:08:25.800 +for suckers + +185 +00:08:25.800 --> 00:08:28.240 +then the server does the computing and + +186 +00:08:28.240 --> 00:08:30.550 +sends you back the results but you're + +187 +00:08:30.550 --> 00:08:32.130 +not supposed to think about what's + +188 +00:08:32.130 --> 00:08:34.920 +happening because it's a cloud and you + +189 +00:08:34.920 --> 00:08:37.380 +don't see what's going on + +190 +00:08:37.380 --> 00:08:38.860 +well you should look it's + +191 +00:08:38.860 --> 00:08:41.490 +software-as-a-service as a software + +192 +00:08:41.490 --> 00:08:44.290 +substitute and it takes away control of + +193 +00:08:44.290 --> 00:08:48.630 +your computing so a large fraction of + +194 +00:08:48.630 --> 00:08:51.330 +the world's web servers are running do / + +195 +00:08:51.330 --> 00:08:53.890 +lanoxin other free software but i think the + +196 +00:08:53.890 --> 00:08:55.450 +most important computers + +197 +00:08:55.450 --> 00:08:58.240 +to put freedom in our your computer's + +198 +00:08:58.240 --> 00:09:01.370 +not company's web servers they deserve + +199 +00:09:01.370 --> 00:09:04.690 +freedom also but above all its people + +200 +00:09:04.690 --> 00:09:07.570 +that deserve freedom so we need to + +201 +00:09:07.570 --> 00:09:11.290 +advance and to do that we have to cross + +202 +00:09:11.290 --> 00:09:13.930 +obstacles one of them is there are big + +203 +00:09:13.930 --> 00:09:15.700 +companies that make a lot of money by + +204 +00:09:15.700 --> 00:09:18.500 +having control over users and they don't + +205 +00:09:18.500 --> 00:09:20.500 +want to let us advance we have to + +206 +00:09:20.500 --> 00:09:22.750 +overcome their opposition + +207 +00:09:22.750 --> 00:09:25.240 +another is that the mainstream media + +208 +00:09:25.240 --> 00:09:27.820 +don't talk about free software they have + +209 +00:09:27.820 --> 00:09:30.860 +a term that they use to bury these + +210 +00:09:30.860 --> 00:09:33.680 +ethical issues they say open source + +211 +00:09:33.680 --> 00:09:35.930 +instead now + +212 +00:09:35.930 --> 00:09:37.870 +it talks about more or less the same + +213 +00:09:37.870 --> 00:09:41.620 +programs but with different ideas where + +214 +00:09:41.620 --> 00:09:44.590 +free software activists say this is a + +215 +00:09:44.590 --> 00:09:46.330 +matter of right and wrong users deserve + +216 +00:09:46.330 --> 00:09:48.760 +freedom we demand freedom the people say + +217 +00:09:48.760 --> 00:09:50.740 +open source data once say that + +218 +00:09:50.740 --> 00:09:53.830 +so instead they say let the users change + +219 +00:09:53.830 --> 00:09:55.970 +the software and redistribute it and + +220 +00:09:55.970 --> 00:09:58.180 +they'll make the code better they'll fix + +221 +00:09:58.180 --> 00:09:59.170 +some bugs + +222 +00:09:59.170 --> 00:10:01.900 +it may be true but it's a less important issue if + +223 +00:10:01.900 --> 00:10:03.190 +we want to keep our freedom + +224 +00:10:03.190 --> 00:10:05.260 +we've got to talk about freedom so say + +225 +00:10:05.260 --> 00:10:07.450 +free software and you're helping us + +226 +00:10:07.450 --> 00:10:09.880 +every time another obstacle is that lots + +227 +00:10:09.880 --> 00:10:12.820 +of schools teach non-free software which + +228 +00:10:12.820 --> 00:10:15.500 +is basically like teaching the kids to + +229 +00:10:15.500 --> 00:10:17.830 +smoke tobacco it's implanting dependence + +230 +00:10:17.830 --> 00:10:19.630 +which is the opposite of what school + +231 +00:10:19.630 --> 00:10:22.690 +should do a school should prepare + +232 +00:10:22.690 --> 00:10:27.110 +citizens to live in a strong capable + +233 +00:10:27.110 --> 00:10:30.110 +independent cooperating and free society + +234 +00:10:30.110 --> 00:10:33.520 +which means teaching free software in + +235 +00:10:33.520 --> 00:10:35.770 +the school but there's another reason to + +236 +00:10:35.770 --> 00:10:38.740 +do that for education some kids want to + +237 +00:10:38.740 --> 00:10:40.850 +become programmers they're curious they + +238 +00:10:40.850 --> 00:10:42.760 +wantto know how the programs work well + +239 +00:10:42.760 --> 00:10:44.120 +the one who's studying a free software + +240 +00:10:44.120 --> 00:10:46.550 +can understand it the one who's studying + +241 +00:10:46.550 --> 00:10:48.670 +a non-free program can't learn anything + +242 +00:10:48.670 --> 00:10:52.240 +because the knowledge in the non-free + +243 +00:10:52.240 --> 00:10:55.420 +program is withheld denied to the + +244 +00:10:55.420 --> 00:10:57.800 +students so to uphold the spirit of + +245 +00:10:57.800 --> 00:10:59.830 +Education the school should make sure + +246 +00:10:59.830 --> 00:11:01.870 +its programs are free but there's an + +247 +00:11:01.870 --> 00:11:04.540 +even more important reason schools + +248 +00:11:04.540 --> 00:11:06.880 +should teach the spirit of goodwill + +249 +00:11:06.880 --> 00:11:09.790 +the habit of helping other people so the + +250 +00:11:09.790 --> 00:11:12.370 +class should say if you bring a program + +251 +00:11:12.370 --> 00:11:14.950 +to class just as if you bring cookies to + +252 +00:11:14.950 --> 00:11:15.730 +class + +253 +00:11:15.730 --> 00:11:17.230 +you've got to share it with everyone + +254 +00:11:17.230 --> 00:11:19.870 +else can't keep it to yourself you gotta + +255 +00:11:19.870 --> 00:11:22.270 +share the source code so other people + +256 +00:11:22.270 --> 00:11:24.820 +can learn so don't bring any proprietary + +257 +00:11:24.820 --> 00:11:26.830 +software to this class + +258 +00:11:26.830 --> 00:11:29.920 +the school has to set a good example by + +259 +00:11:29.920 --> 00:11:32.740 +following its own rule should bring only + +260 +00:11:32.740 --> 00:11:35.620 +free software to class except as a + +261 +00:11:35.620 --> 00:11:39.700 +reverse engineering exercise another + +262 +00:11:39.700 --> 00:11:42.350 +obstacle is there's hardware we don't + +263 +00:11:42.350 --> 00:11:43.990 +know how to write free software for + +264 +00:11:43.990 --> 00:11:46.270 +because they won't tell us how to use + +265 +00:11:46.270 --> 00:11:48.850 +the hardware that shocking they want to + +266 +00:11:48.850 --> 00:11:51.100 +sell you the product and they won't tell + +267 +00:11:51.100 --> 00:11:52.300 +you how to use it + +268 +00:11:52.300 --> 00:11:54.820 +they say here's a non-free program you + +269 +00:11:54.820 --> 00:11:57.250 +can use run it and shut up + +270 +00:11:57.250 --> 00:12:00.910 +don't bother us well how do we find out + +271 +00:12:00.910 --> 00:12:02.770 +how to run that hardware with reverse + +272 +00:12:02.770 --> 00:12:05.890 +engineering you gotta study all those + +273 +00:12:05.890 --> 00:12:07.450 +zeroes and ones to figure out what they + +274 +00:12:07.450 --> 00:12:10.660 +really do and write down how to use that + +275 +00:12:10.660 --> 00:12:12.610 +hardware so someone else can write the + +276 +00:12:12.610 --> 00:12:15.730 +free program to do it it's hard work but + +277 +00:12:15.730 --> 00:12:17.620 +it can be done if you want to make a big + +278 +00:12:17.620 --> 00:12:19.990 +technical contribution that's what you + +279 +00:12:19.990 --> 00:12:24.130 +should do each new area activity of life + +280 +00:12:24.130 --> 00:12:27.520 +can bring with it new human rights that + +281 +00:12:27.520 --> 00:12:29.890 +are necessary and the human rights + +282 +00:12:29.890 --> 00:12:32.860 +depend on each other if you lose one it + +283 +00:12:32.860 --> 00:12:35.800 +becomes harder to maintain the others so + +284 +00:12:35.800 --> 00:12:38.830 +nowadays computing is so important in + +285 +00:12:38.830 --> 00:12:41.140 +society that the freedoms of free + +286 +00:12:41.140 --> 00:12:44.170 +software are among the human rights that + +287 +00:12:44.170 --> 00:12:47.290 +society must establish and protect us + +288 +00:12:47.290 --> 00:12:49.660 +how to help + +289 +00:12:49.660 --> 00:12:51.860 +well you can write free software you can + +290 +00:12:51.860 --> 00:12:55.540 +organize groups to campaign and persuade + +291 +00:12:55.540 --> 00:12:57.350 +schools and governments to move to free + +292 +00:12:57.350 --> 00:12:59.740 +software you can help other people when + +293 +00:12:59.740 --> 00:13:01.930 +they have trouble using free software or + +294 +00:13:01.930 --> 00:13:05.170 +help them install it you can say free + +295 +00:13:05.170 --> 00:13:06.980 +software and spread the philosophical + +296 +00:13:06.980 --> 00:13:10.900 +ideas moving to free software is the + +297 +00:13:10.900 --> 00:13:13.270 +first step in the liberation of cyberspace + +298 +00:13:13.270 --> 00:13:15.160 +but of course we also use the internet + +299 +00:13:15.160 --> 00:13:17.200 +we need other freedoms they're like + +300 +00:13:17.200 --> 00:13:19.400 +network neutrality and + +301 +00:13:19.400 --> 00:13:22.910 +putting an end to surveillance of people + +302 +00:13:22.910 --> 00:13:24.640 +in general diff --git a/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/portuguese.vtt b/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/portuguese.vtt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..458da55 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/portuguese.vtt @@ -0,0 +1,1103 @@ +WEBVTT + +1 +00:00:10.943 --> 00:00:17.986 +O software livre é a primeira batalha +na liberação do ciberespaço. + +2 +00:00:17.986 --> 00:00:20.318 +Quem controla o seu computador? + +3 +00:00:20.318 --> 00:00:25.902 +É você ou alguma grande empresa +que realmente o controla? + +4 +00:00:25.902 --> 00:00:27.997 +O que é um computador? + +5 +00:00:27.997 --> 00:00:31.144 +Um computador é uma máquina universal. + +6 +00:00:31.664 --> 00:00:35.172 +Ele vai computar qualquer coisa +que você quiser + +7 +00:00:35.172 --> 00:00:37.285 +porque você dá a ele um programa que diz + +8 +00:00:37.285 --> 00:00:40.287 +o que deverá ser computado. + +9 +00:00:40.287 --> 00:00:44.600 +O computador só sabe +como conseguir instruções e executá-las, + +10 +00:00:44.600 --> 00:00:46.522 +e conseguir mais instruções e executá-las. + +11 +00:00:46.522 --> 00:00:50.591 +O programa tem as instruções, +ele diz o que fazer. + +12 +00:00:50.591 --> 00:00:55.256 +Criando o programa certo, +você deixa ele fazer de tudo. + +13 +00:00:55.256 --> 00:00:56.824 +Bem, quase tudo. + +14 +00:00:58.140 --> 00:01:00.853 +Que dá as instruções ao seu computador? + +15 +00:01:00.853 --> 00:01:04.495 +Você pode pensar que ele está +obedecendo suas instruções + +16 +00:01:04.495 --> 00:01:07.777 +quando ele está obedecendo +outra pessoa primeiro, + +17 +00:01:07.778 --> 00:01:13.624 +e a você somente na medida +em que a empresa escutá-lo. + +18 +00:01:14.224 --> 00:01:16.256 +Com software, há duas possibilidades: + +19 +00:01:16.256 --> 00:01:21.747 +Ou os usuários controlam o programa, +ou acontece o contrário. + +20 +00:01:21.747 --> 00:01:24.119 +É um ou outro, inevitavelmente. + +21 +00:01:24.119 --> 00:01:27.329 +Para que os usuários controlem o programa, + +22 +00:01:27.329 --> 00:01:30.308 +eles precisam das quatro +liberdades essenciais. + +23 +00:01:31.118 --> 00:01:34.698 +Essa é a definição de um software livre. + +24 +00:01:34.698 --> 00:01:38.583 +O software livre respeita a liberdade +do usuário e da comunidade. + +25 +00:01:38.583 --> 00:01:43.874 +Geralmente o chamamos "libre", +usando a palavra em francês ou espanhol. + +26 +00:01:43.874 --> 00:01:45.988 +De qualquer forma, +é isso que queremos dizer. + +27 +00:01:45.989 --> 00:01:48.925 +Não queremos dizer que é grátis, +não se trata de preço. + +28 +00:01:48.925 --> 00:01:51.217 +Estamos preocupados com a sua liberdade, + +29 +00:01:51.217 --> 00:01:55.250 +e, às vezes, dizemos "libre/livre" +para mostrar isso. + +30 +00:01:55.250 --> 00:01:58.475 +Liberdade zero é a liberdade +para utilizar o programa + +31 +00:01:58.475 --> 00:02:01.270 +como você desejar +e para qualquer propósito. + +32 +00:02:01.270 --> 00:02:05.310 +Liberdade um é a que permite o estudo +do código-fonte do programa + +33 +00:02:05.320 --> 00:02:10.269 +e poder mudá-lo, +para computar o que você quiser. + +34 +00:02:10.270 --> 00:02:11.752 +Mas o que é o código-fonte? + +35 +00:02:11.752 --> 00:02:14.787 +Os programas normalmente +terão duas formas. + +36 +00:02:14.787 --> 00:02:17.367 +Uma forma que você pode ler, + +37 +00:02:17.367 --> 00:02:20.680 +e entender se você sabe +a linguagem de programação. + +38 +00:02:20.681 --> 00:02:22.306 +Esta é a fonte. + +39 +00:02:22.306 --> 00:02:24.708 +É isso que os programadores +escrevem e mudam. + +40 +00:02:24.708 --> 00:02:27.250 +Há também a executável, +que é um monte de números + +41 +00:02:27.250 --> 00:02:29.914 +que até um programador não entende. + +42 +00:02:29.914 --> 00:02:31.801 +Se você só tem o executável, + +43 +00:02:31.801 --> 00:02:35.117 +é um trabalho enorme +descobrir o que ele faz, + +44 +00:02:35.117 --> 00:02:37.240 +e é ainda mais difícil mudá-lo. + +45 +00:02:37.240 --> 00:02:41.137 +Então, para se ter a possibilidade +real de estudá-lo e mudá-loa, + +46 +00:02:41.137 --> 00:02:43.322 +é necessário que lhe deem +o código-fonte. + +47 +00:02:43.322 --> 00:02:44.919 +Isto é um requisito essencial. + +48 +00:02:44.919 --> 00:02:47.456 +Com essas duas liberdades, + +49 +00:02:47.456 --> 00:02:50.588 +cada usuário, separadamente, +pode fazer uma cópia + +50 +00:02:50.588 --> 00:02:54.317 +e começar a mudá-la +para que ele faça o que ele quer. + +51 +00:02:54.317 --> 00:02:56.986 +Isto é o controle individual. + +52 +00:02:56.986 --> 00:02:59.224 +Mas e se você não for um programador? + +53 +00:02:59.224 --> 00:03:02.180 +Você olha para o código-fonte +e não o entende. + +54 +00:03:02.190 --> 00:03:04.791 +Controle individual não é o suficiente. + +55 +00:03:04.791 --> 00:03:07.720 +Também precisamos de controle coletivo, + +56 +00:03:07.720 --> 00:03:09.851 +que quer dizer que qualquer grupo +de usuários tem liberdade + +57 +00:03:09.851 --> 00:03:13.216 +para unir esforços e adaptar o programa +para fazer o que eles quiserem. + +58 +00:03:13.216 --> 00:03:16.192 +Claro que, no grupo, +alguns deles são programadores. + +59 +00:03:16.192 --> 00:03:18.890 +Eles são os que escrevem as modificações, + +60 +00:03:18.890 --> 00:03:22.757 +mas fazem isso como parte do grupo +e para o propósito dele. + +61 +00:03:22.758 --> 00:03:25.312 +Claro que o grupo não +tem que ser todo mundo. + +62 +00:03:25.312 --> 00:03:28.390 +Outros podem utilizá-lo +de algum outro modo. + +63 +00:03:28.390 --> 00:03:29.690 +Todos estão livres para fazê-lo. + +64 +00:03:29.691 --> 00:03:33.717 +Controle coletivo requer +mais duas liberdades essenciais. + +65 +00:03:33.717 --> 00:03:37.154 +A liberdade dois é a que permite +redistribuir cópias idênticas, + +66 +00:03:37.154 --> 00:03:41.190 +fazer as cópias e distribuí-las +ou vendê-las se preferir. + +67 +00:03:41.190 --> 00:03:45.486 +A liberdade três é parecida, +mas é para versões modificadas. + +68 +00:03:45.486 --> 00:03:49.387 +Você pode fazer cópias, e então +distribuí-las ou vendê-las se quiser. + +69 +00:03:49.387 --> 00:03:52.447 +Se você tem essas liberdades, +então o software é livre, + +70 +00:03:52.447 --> 00:03:54.525 +e os usuários controlam o programa. + +71 +00:03:54.525 --> 00:03:59.523 +Mas se alguma delas falta, +os usuários não controlam o programa. + +72 +00:03:59.523 --> 00:04:05.329 +Nesse caso o programa controla o usuário +e o desenvolvedor controla o programa. + +73 +00:04:05.330 --> 00:04:10.768 +Isso quer dizer que o programa +é um instrumento de poder injusto + +74 +00:04:10.768 --> 00:04:14.783 +para seu desenvolvedor sobre os usuários. + +75 +00:04:14.783 --> 00:04:17.620 +Quer dizer que os usuários +não têm liberdade, + +76 +00:04:17.620 --> 00:04:22.910 +que é software particular e privado, +e temos que nos livrar dele. + +77 +00:04:22.910 --> 00:04:25.488 +O que acontece quando +se tem um software privado? + +78 +00:04:25.488 --> 00:04:29.390 +Às vezes, o programa bisbilhota o usuário. + +79 +00:04:29.390 --> 00:04:32.498 +Às vezes, ele rastreia o usuário. + +80 +00:04:32.498 --> 00:04:35.522 +Às vezes, restringe o usuário, + +81 +00:04:35.522 --> 00:04:38.320 +e o impede de fazer o que ele quer fazer. + +82 +00:04:38.321 --> 00:04:41.199 +Veja que o "Blu-ray" é seu inimigo. + +83 +00:04:41.199 --> 00:04:42.331 +(Risos) + +84 +00:04:42.331 --> 00:04:46.146 +Às vezes, o software deleta +livros remotamente + +85 +00:04:46.146 --> 00:04:49.356 +como a Amazon fez com o "1984". + +86 +00:04:49.356 --> 00:04:54.947 +Às vezes, o desenvolvedor +força os usuários + +87 +00:04:54.947 --> 00:04:58.658 +a instalar uma atualização prejudicial, + +88 +00:04:58.658 --> 00:05:01.191 +ameaçando remover uma outra função + +89 +00:05:01.191 --> 00:05:04.943 +se não for feita a instalação, +como a Sony fez. + +90 +00:05:04.944 --> 00:05:09.661 +Às vezes, ele até mudam +o software à distância + +91 +00:05:09.661 --> 00:05:14.885 +como a Microsoft faz com o Windows +pela porta dos fundos universal. + +92 +00:05:14.885 --> 00:05:18.489 +Às vezes ele sabotam os usuários, + +93 +00:05:18.489 --> 00:05:22.792 +como a Microsoft faz quando reporta +os bugs no Windows à NSA, + +94 +00:05:22.792 --> 00:05:27.323 +para que ela usar isto para atacar +os computadores das pessoas. + +95 +00:05:27.323 --> 00:05:30.969 +A verdade é que com software proprietário, + +96 +00:05:30.969 --> 00:05:33.724 +o dono tem poder sobre os usuários, + +97 +00:05:33.724 --> 00:05:36.233 +e tira vantagem desse poder, + +98 +00:05:36.233 --> 00:05:40.850 +incluindo todas aquelas +funcionalidades maliciosas + +99 +00:05:40.850 --> 00:05:42.251 +para prejudicar os usuários. + +100 +00:05:42.252 --> 00:05:45.480 +Claro que não fazem isso +porque são sádicos, + +101 +00:05:45.480 --> 00:05:47.918 +só o fazem por dinheiro e ganância. + +102 +00:05:47.918 --> 00:05:53.872 +Há muitas formas de lucrarem +com este poder sobre os usuários, + +103 +00:05:53.872 --> 00:05:58.584 +o que não o faz nem um +pouco menos prejudicial. + +104 +00:05:58.584 --> 00:06:00.420 +Mas eles não se envergonham disso. + +105 +00:06:00.420 --> 00:06:04.252 +Têm conferências em que falam +das formas mais modernas + +106 +00:06:04.252 --> 00:06:08.457 +de tirar vantagem dos usuários +usando o poder que têm. + +107 +00:06:08.457 --> 00:06:11.349 +Basicamente, no software proprietário, + +108 +00:06:11.350 --> 00:06:16.300 +o que acontece com quase todos +os seus usuários, + +109 +00:06:16.300 --> 00:06:19.510 +é que eles estão usando +malware proprietário. + +110 +00:06:19.520 --> 00:06:21.253 +É o "software para idiotas". + +111 +00:06:21.253 --> 00:06:25.114 +Como você deixa de ser a vítima? + +112 +00:06:25.114 --> 00:06:29.190 +Antes, você tinha que parar +de usar computadores, mas agora não. + +113 +00:06:29.190 --> 00:06:33.615 +Agora, você poder se juntar a nós +no mundo livre que criamos. + +114 +00:06:33.615 --> 00:06:37.870 +Em 1983, anunciei que eu ia desenvolver + +115 +00:06:37.870 --> 00:06:42.860 +um software de sistema operacional +totalmente livre chamado GNU. + +116 +00:06:42.860 --> 00:06:45.589 +Em 1992, o tínhamos quase acabado, + +117 +00:06:45.589 --> 00:06:48.353 +mas faltava uma peça, o kernel. + +118 +00:06:48.353 --> 00:06:52.690 +Linus Torvalds, naquele ano, +liberou seu kernel, o Linux, + +119 +00:06:52.690 --> 00:06:54.824 +o que preencheu a última +lacuna e nos deu + +120 +00:06:54.824 --> 00:07:00.316 +o primeiro sistema completo que +você poderia rodar num PC: o GNU/Linux. + +121 +00:07:00.316 --> 00:07:07.349 +Infelizmente, ter liberdade uma vez +não garante que você vai mantê-la. + +122 +00:07:07.350 --> 00:07:11.658 +Há mais de mil variantes do GNU/Linux. + +123 +00:07:11.658 --> 00:07:13.577 +Se chamam distribuições. + +124 +00:07:13.577 --> 00:07:16.336 +Algumas são software totalmente livre, + +125 +00:07:16.336 --> 00:07:19.289 +a maioria tem software +não-livre adicionado, + +126 +00:07:19.289 --> 00:07:23.240 +porque são mantidas por pessoas +que não liga para liberdade. + +127 +00:07:23.240 --> 00:07:27.900 +Preferem adicionar conveniência +às custas da liberdade. + +128 +00:07:27.900 --> 00:07:30.938 +Então você tem que conferir, +qual é uma distribuição grátis. + +129 +00:07:30.938 --> 00:07:34.500 +Para manter sua liberdade, +às vezes você precisa de um sacrifício, + +130 +00:07:34.500 --> 00:07:38.190 +que pode ser grande, como na Lexington. + +131 +00:07:38.190 --> 00:07:44.220 +os da nossa campanha são, +geralmente, sacrifícios pequenos. + +132 +00:07:44.220 --> 00:07:48.516 +Qualquer um com um pouco de maturidade +pode fazer esses sacrifícios. + +133 +00:07:48.516 --> 00:07:52.890 +Por exemplo, você quer aplicações, +mas a maioria não é de graça. + +134 +00:07:52.890 --> 00:07:55.623 +Se você quer liberdade, +tem que viver sem elas. + +135 +00:07:55.624 --> 00:07:58.293 +Pode haver algumas inconveniências + +136 +00:07:58.293 --> 00:08:01.661 +que você sofrerá por causa +da sua liberdade. + +137 +00:08:01.661 --> 00:08:06.320 +Muitos websites mandam +programas não-livres, + +138 +00:08:06.320 --> 00:08:09.100 +escritos em JavaScript, +para o navegador do usuário. + +139 +00:08:09.100 --> 00:08:11.288 +Se você não quer executar +programas não-livres, + +140 +00:08:11.288 --> 00:08:14.850 +deve instalar o LibreJS, + +141 +00:08:14.850 --> 00:08:17.882 +que bloqueia e mantêm +JavaScript não-livre de fora. + +142 +00:08:17.882 --> 00:08:22.557 +Às vezes, os servidores se oferecem +para computar seus dados. + +143 +00:08:22.557 --> 00:08:24.590 +Dizem: "Envie-nos seus dados." + +144 +00:08:24.590 --> 00:08:26.349 +Para idiotas, obviamente. + +145 +00:08:26.349 --> 00:08:30.483 +Então o servidor faz a computação, +e te envia de volta os dados. + +146 +00:08:30.483 --> 00:08:33.115 +Mas você não deve pensar +sobre o que está acontecendo, + +147 +00:08:33.115 --> 00:08:37.640 +porque é uma "nuvem", e você +não vê o que está se passando. + +148 +00:08:37.640 --> 00:08:39.253 +Bom, você deveria dar uma olhada. + +149 +00:08:39.253 --> 00:08:41.787 +É um serviço que substitui o software, + +150 +00:08:41.787 --> 00:08:46.151 +e toma o controle do seu computador. + +151 +00:08:46.151 --> 00:08:50.224 +Grande parte dos servidores da internet + +152 +00:08:50.225 --> 00:08:53.290 +está rodando GNU/Linux +e outros softwares livres. + +153 +00:08:53.290 --> 00:08:57.706 +Mas acho que os principais computadores +a terem liberdade devem ser + +154 +00:08:57.706 --> 00:09:01.210 +os seus computadores, +e não servidores empresariais. + +155 +00:09:01.210 --> 00:09:02.824 +Eles também merecem liberdade. + +156 +00:09:02.824 --> 00:09:06.117 +Mas acima de tudo, são as pessoas +que merecem liberdade. + +157 +00:09:06.118 --> 00:09:09.620 +Por isso precisamos avançar, + +158 +00:09:09.620 --> 00:09:12.618 +e para isso temos que superar obstáculos. + +159 +00:09:12.618 --> 00:09:14.861 +Um deles é que há grandes empresas + +160 +00:09:14.861 --> 00:09:17.915 +que ganham muito dinheiro +controlando os usuários. + +161 +00:09:17.916 --> 00:09:20.119 +Elas não querem que avancemos. + +162 +00:09:20.119 --> 00:09:23.117 +Temos de superar esta oposição. + +163 +00:09:23.117 --> 00:09:27.454 +Outro é que a grande mídia +não fala sobre software livre. + +164 +00:09:27.454 --> 00:09:32.587 +Eles usam um termo +para enterrar estar questões éticas. + +165 +00:09:32.587 --> 00:09:35.391 +Eles chamam de "Código Aberto". + +166 +00:09:35.391 --> 00:09:39.589 +Isso se trata mais ou menos +dos mesmos programas, + +167 +00:09:39.589 --> 00:09:41.615 +mas com ideias diferentes. + +168 +00:09:41.615 --> 00:09:43.884 +Quando os ativistas de +software livre dizem: + +169 +00:09:43.884 --> 00:09:45.891 +"Esta é uma questão de certo e errado. + +170 +00:09:45.891 --> 00:09:47.998 +Usuários merecem liberdade, a exigimos." + +171 +00:09:47.999 --> 00:09:50.982 +As pessoas que dizem "código aberto" +não querem dizer o mesmo. + +172 +00:09:50.982 --> 00:09:52.382 +Em vez disso dizem: + +173 +00:09:52.382 --> 00:09:56.151 +"Os usuários podem modificar +e redistribuir o software, + +174 +00:09:56.152 --> 00:09:58.910 +e eles melhorarão o código." + +175 +00:09:58.910 --> 00:09:59.440 +Vão consertar alguns bugs. + +176 +00:09:59.480 --> 00:10:01.947 +Talvez seja verdade, +mas isso não é tão importante. + +177 +00:10:01.947 --> 00:10:05.810 +Se queremos manter nossa liberdade, +temos que falar de liberdade. + +178 +00:10:05.810 --> 00:10:08.652 +Então diga "software livre" +e você estará nos ajudando sempre. + +179 +00:10:08.652 --> 00:10:12.873 +Outro obstáculo é que muitas escolas +ensinam os softwares não-livres, + +180 +00:10:12.873 --> 00:10:16.455 +que é basicamente o mesmo +que ensinar crianças a fumar. + +181 +00:10:16.455 --> 00:10:18.382 +É uma implantação de dependência, + +182 +00:10:18.382 --> 00:10:20.722 +o oposto do que escolas deveriam fazer. + +183 +00:10:20.722 --> 00:10:24.730 +Uma escola deveria preparar +os cidadãos para viverem + +184 +00:10:24.730 --> 00:10:31.810 +numa sociedade forte, capaz, +independente, cooperativa e livre, + +185 +00:10:31.810 --> 00:10:34.689 +o que significa que deveriam +ensinar software livre nas escolas. + +186 +00:10:34.689 --> 00:10:37.623 +Mas há outra razão +para fazer isso pela educação. + +187 +00:10:37.624 --> 00:10:40.691 +Algumas crianças querem ser +programadoras, são curiosas. + +188 +00:10:40.691 --> 00:10:42.785 +Querem saber como os programas funcionam. + +189 +00:10:42.785 --> 00:10:45.911 +Enquanto uma que estuda +software livre consegue entendê-lo, + +190 +00:10:45.912 --> 00:10:49.452 +a que estuda um programa +não livre não aprende nada, + +191 +00:10:49.452 --> 00:10:53.316 +porque o conhecimento no +programa não-livre + +192 +00:10:53.316 --> 00:10:56.683 +é mantido escondido, negado aos alunos. + +193 +00:10:56.683 --> 00:10:59.230 +Assim para apoiar o espírito da educação, + +194 +00:10:59.230 --> 00:11:01.756 +a escola deveria assegurar +que os programas sejam livres. + +195 +00:11:01.756 --> 00:11:03.745 +Há uma razão ainda mais importante: + +196 +00:11:03.745 --> 00:11:07.187 +Escolas deveriam ensinar +o espírito da boa-vontade, + +197 +00:11:07.187 --> 00:11:09.520 +o hábito de ajudar os outros. + +198 +00:11:09.520 --> 00:11:11.322 +A aula deveria dizer: + +199 +00:11:11.322 --> 00:11:13.726 +"Se você trouxer um programa para a aula, + +200 +00:11:13.726 --> 00:11:15.882 +do mesmo modo que acontece com biscoitos, + +201 +00:11:15.882 --> 00:11:18.287 +você terá que compartilhar com os outros. + +202 +00:11:18.288 --> 00:11:19.785 +Não poderá ficar com tudo. + +203 +00:11:19.785 --> 00:11:23.824 +Terá que compartilhar o código-fonte, +para que os outros aprendam. + +204 +00:11:23.824 --> 00:11:27.830 +Então não traga um software +proprietário para a aula." + +205 +00:11:27.830 --> 00:11:32.890 +A escola tem que dar um bom exemplo +seguindo a própria regra: + +206 +00:11:32.890 --> 00:11:34.782 +só se pode trazer software +livre para a aula, + +207 +00:11:34.782 --> 00:11:39.534 +com exceção de um exercício +de engenharia reversa. + +208 +00:11:39.534 --> 00:11:41.949 +Outro obstáculo é que existem hardwares + +209 +00:11:41.949 --> 00:11:44.846 +para os quais não sabemos criar softwares, + +210 +00:11:44.846 --> 00:11:47.622 +porque não nos dizem +como se usa o hardware. + +211 +00:11:47.622 --> 00:11:50.387 +Isso é chocante. Querem +te vender o produto, + +212 +00:11:50.388 --> 00:11:52.489 +mas não te ensinam a usá-lo. + +213 +00:11:52.489 --> 00:11:55.950 +Dizem: "Aqui está um programa +não livre que você pode usar. + +214 +00:11:55.950 --> 00:11:59.583 +Use-o, e fique calado. Não nos incomode." + +215 +00:11:59.583 --> 00:12:04.820 +Como descobrimos como se usa o hardware +com a engenharia reversa? + +216 +00:12:04.820 --> 00:12:08.681 +Estude todos os zeros e uns para +descobrir o que eles realmente fazem, + +217 +00:12:08.681 --> 00:12:11.590 +e escreva como se usa este hardware, + +218 +00:12:11.590 --> 00:12:14.482 +para que outra pessoa possa +escrever o programa que o faça. + +219 +00:12:14.482 --> 00:12:16.925 +É difícil, mas pode ser feito, + +220 +00:12:16.926 --> 00:12:19.455 +se você quiser fazer uma grande +contribuição técnica, + +221 +00:12:19.455 --> 00:12:21.515 +é isso que deve fazer. + +222 +00:12:21.515 --> 00:12:24.786 +Cada área nova, ou atividade na vida, + +223 +00:12:24.786 --> 00:12:29.890 +pode trazer junto novos +e necessários direitos humanos . + +224 +00:12:29.890 --> 00:12:31.518 +Os direitos humanos dependem um do outro. + +225 +00:12:31.518 --> 00:12:35.711 +Se você perder um, +é mais difícil manter os outros. + +226 +00:12:35.711 --> 00:12:39.854 +Então hoje, a computação +é tão importante na sociedade + +227 +00:12:39.854 --> 00:12:44.214 +que as liberdades do software livre +estão entre os direitos humanos + +228 +00:12:44.214 --> 00:12:47.322 +que a sociedade deve +estabelecer e proteger. + +229 +00:12:47.322 --> 00:12:49.908 +Assim, como ajudar? + +230 +00:12:49.908 --> 00:12:51.918 +Você pode criar software livre. + +231 +00:12:51.918 --> 00:12:54.616 +Pode organizar grupos +para fazer campanhas, + +232 +00:12:54.616 --> 00:12:58.285 +e persuadir escolas e governos +a mudar para softwares livres. + +233 +00:12:58.285 --> 00:13:01.951 +Você pode ajudar os outros quando +tiverem problemas usando software livre, + +234 +00:13:01.951 --> 00:13:03.849 +ou ajudá-los a instalá-lo. + +235 +00:13:03.849 --> 00:13:08.713 +Pode dizer "software livre", +e espalhar as ideias filosóficas. + +236 +00:13:08.713 --> 00:13:11.391 +A transição para o software livre +é o primeiro passo + +237 +00:13:11.391 --> 00:13:15.670 +na liberação do ciberespaço, +mas claro que também usamos a internet. + +238 +00:13:15.671 --> 00:13:17.551 +Precisamos de outras liberdades nela, + +239 +00:13:17.551 --> 00:13:20.850 +como a neutralidade da rede, e pôr um fim + +240 +00:13:20.850 --> 00:13:25.167 +na espionagem das pessoas em geral. + +241 +00:13:25.167 --> 00:13:33.510 +(Aplausos) + diff --git a/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/spanish.vtt b/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/spanish.vtt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bb6e0c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/content/wp-content/uploads/pages/subtitles/2017/03/spanish.vtt @@ -0,0 +1,1130 @@ +WEBVTT + +1 +00:00:11.120 --> 00:00:15.140 +El software libre es la primera batalla + +2 +00:00:15.140 --> 00:00:18.160 +en la liberación del ciberespacio. + +3 +00:00:18.160 --> 00:00:20.220 +¿Quién controla tu computadora? + +4 +00:00:20.240 --> 00:00:25.670 +¿Eres tú o es una gran compañía +quién realmente la controla? + +5 +00:00:25.770 --> 00:00:27.780 +¿Qué es una computadora? + +6 +00:00:27.790 --> 00:00:31.850 +Una computadora es +una máquina universal. + +7 +00:00:31.870 --> 00:00:35.120 +Ejecutará cualquier cosa que pidas + +8 +00:00:35.120 --> 00:00:37.400 +porque le diste un programa que ordena + +9 +00:00:37.430 --> 00:00:40.160 +que es lo que quieres que ejecute. + +10 +00:00:40.170 --> 00:00:43.980 +La computadora solo sabe +como recibir una instrucción y ejecutarla, + +11 +00:00:43.990 --> 00:00:46.350 +recibir otra instrucción y ejecutarla. + +12 +00:00:46.350 --> 00:00:50.550 +El programa tiene las instrucciones +que dicen qué hacer. + +13 +00:00:50.610 --> 00:00:55.250 +Escribiendo el programa adecuado, +puedes conseguir cualquier cosa. + +14 +00:00:55.250 --> 00:00:57.660 +O al menos casi todo. + +15 +00:00:57.670 --> 00:01:00.690 +¿Quién da las instrucciones a +tu computadora? + +16 +00:01:00.720 --> 00:01:04.320 +Puedes pensar que obedece tus ordenes + +17 +00:01:04.350 --> 00:01:07.490 +cuando realmente obedece +a alguien más primero, + +18 +00:01:07.550 --> 00:01:13.950 +y tú solo puedes ser escuchado hasta +donde la compañía te permita. + +19 +00:01:13.990 --> 00:01:16.490 +Con el software, +hay dos posibilidades: + +20 +00:01:16.930 --> 00:01:21.490 +Cualquiera de los usuarios controla +el programa o este los controla a ellos. + +21 +00:01:21.490 --> 00:01:23.840 +Es inevitable una u otra. + +22 +00:01:23.890 --> 00:01:27.130 +Para que los usuarios puedan controlar el programa, + +23 +00:01:27.130 --> 00:01:30.920 +ellos necesitan cuatro libertades esenciales. + +24 +00:01:30.920 --> 00:01:34.400 +Esta es la definición de software libre. + +25 +00:01:34.430 --> 00:01:38.350 +El software libre respeta la libertad +de los usuarios y de la comunidad. + +26 +00:01:38.360 --> 00:01:42.390 +Frecuentemente los llamamos "Libre" +utilizando la palabra Francesa o Española. + +27 +00:01:42.400 --> 00:01:45.710 +Pronunciado como quieran, +la cuestión es qué es lo que significa. + +28 +00:01:45.730 --> 00:01:48.790 +No queremos decir que es gratis, +no hablamos sobre el precio. + +29 +00:01:48.790 --> 00:01:51.380 +Estamos preocupados por la libertad, + +30 +00:01:51.450 --> 00:01:55.550 +y a veces decimos +"Free/Libre" para demostrarlo. + +31 +00:01:55.570 --> 00:01:58.470 +La libertad número 0 +es la de utilizar el programa + +32 +00:01:58.500 --> 00:02:01.230 +como quieras +para cualquier propósito. + +33 +00:02:01.230 --> 00:02:05.350 +La libertad número 1 es la de estudiar +el código fuente del programa + +34 +00:02:05.370 --> 00:02:09.710 +y cambiarlo, para que así +se ejecute la orden que quieras. + +35 +00:02:09.730 --> 00:02:11.440 +Pero, ¿qué es el código fuente? + +36 +00:02:11.460 --> 00:02:14.570 +Normalmente cada programa +tiene dos formas. + +37 +00:02:14.630 --> 00:02:18.390 +Hay una forma que puedes leer y entender + +38 +00:02:18.400 --> 00:02:20.480 +si conoces el lenguaje de programación. + +39 +00:02:20.520 --> 00:02:21.920 +Ese es el código fuente. + +40 +00:02:21.940 --> 00:02:24.320 +Es lo que los programadores +escriben y cambian. + +41 +00:02:24.340 --> 00:02:27.220 +Luego, hay un ejecutable, que es +un banco de números + +42 +00:02:27.220 --> 00:02:29.580 +que incluso un programador +no puede entender. + +43 +00:02:29.600 --> 00:02:31.580 +Si todo lo que tienes es el ejecutable, + +44 +00:02:31.590 --> 00:02:34.980 +podría ser un horroroso dolor de cabeza +imaginarse qué es lo que hace, + +45 +00:02:34.990 --> 00:02:36.860 +e incluso más difícil de cambiar. + +46 +00:02:36.870 --> 00:02:41.690 +Por lo que para tener la posibilidad real +de estudiarlo y cambiarlo, + +47 +00:02:41.690 --> 00:02:42.940 +tienen que darte el código fuente. + +48 +00:02:42.950 --> 00:02:44.620 +Es un requisito indispensable. + +49 +00:02:44.620 --> 00:02:47.450 +Con estas dos libertades, + +50 +00:02:47.460 --> 00:02:50.300 +cada usuario puede hacer una copia +por separado, + +51 +00:02:50.320 --> 00:02:54.100 +empezar a cambiarlo y hacer que ejecute la orden que quieran. + +52 +00:02:54.100 --> 00:02:56.740 +Eso es control individual. + +53 +00:02:56.750 --> 00:02:58.910 +Pero, ¿qué ocurre sino eres programador? + +54 +00:02:58.920 --> 00:03:01.700 +Cuando miras el código fuente +no puedes entenderlo. + +55 +00:03:01.740 --> 00:03:04.780 +El control individual no es suficiente. + +56 +00:03:04.790 --> 00:03:06.960 +También necesitamos un control colectivo, + +57 +00:03:06.970 --> 00:03:10.360 +significa que cualquier grupo +de usuarios es libre de trabajar juntos + +58 +00:03:10.370 --> 00:03:12.910 +para adaptar el programa a lo que quieran. + +59 +00:03:12.920 --> 00:03:16.260 +Por supuesto, algunos +serán programadores. + +60 +00:03:16.490 --> 00:03:18.720 +Son quienes realmente +escriben los cambios, + +61 +00:03:18.720 --> 00:03:20.830 +pero lo hacen como parte del grupo + +62 +00:03:20.850 --> 00:03:22.600 +para lo que el grupo quiere. + +63 +00:03:22.620 --> 00:03:25.380 +Por supuesto, el grupo no tiene +por que ser todo el mundo. + +64 +00:03:25.400 --> 00:03:27.580 +Otros pueden usarlo de otra forma. + +65 +00:03:27.580 --> 00:03:30.130 +Todos son libres para hacer eso. + +66 +00:03:30.140 --> 00:03:33.500 +El control colectivo requiere dos +libertades esenciales más. + +67 +00:03:33.500 --> 00:03:36.970 +La libertad número 2 +es la de redistribuir copias exactas, + +68 +00:03:36.970 --> 00:03:38.920 +hacer copias y redistribuirlas + +69 +00:03:38.940 --> 00:03:41.260 +o venderlas cuando quieras. + +70 +00:03:41.590 --> 00:03:43.120 +La libertad número 3 es similar, + +71 +00:03:43.350 --> 00:03:45.270 +pero es para tus versiones modificadas. + +72 +00:03:45.300 --> 00:03:49.170 +Puedes hacer copias y redistribuirlas +o venderlas cuando quieras. + +73 +00:03:49.240 --> 00:03:52.200 +Si realmente tienes estas libertades, +el software es libre, + +74 +00:03:52.210 --> 00:03:54.130 +los usuarios controlan el programa. + +75 +00:03:54.130 --> 00:03:56.780 +Pero si una de estas libertades no existe, + +76 +00:03:56.810 --> 00:03:59.530 +entonces los usuarios no controlan +al programa. + +77 +00:03:59.530 --> 00:04:05.580 +En cambio, el programa los controla +a ellos y el desarrollador al programa. + +78 +00:04:05.590 --> 00:04:10.630 +Eso significa que este programa es +un instrumento de un poder injusto + +79 +00:04:10.680 --> 00:04:14.530 +del desarrollador sobre los usuarios. + +80 +00:04:14.560 --> 00:04:17.500 +Significa que los usuarios +no tienen libertad, + +81 +00:04:17.560 --> 00:04:21.790 +eso no es libre, y es por eso tenemos +que eliminar el software privativo. + +82 +00:04:21.820 --> 00:04:25.260 +¿Qué ocurre cuando tienes software +privativo? + +83 +00:04:25.270 --> 00:04:29.100 +A veces el programa fisgonea al usuario. + +84 +00:04:29.150 --> 00:04:32.210 +A veces rastrea al usuario. + +85 +00:04:32.280 --> 00:04:35.230 +A veces restringe al usuario, + +86 +00:04:35.260 --> 00:04:38.170 +e impide a los usuarios hacer +lo que quieren hacer. + +87 +00:04:38.190 --> 00:04:41.290 +Como ven el rayo azul es su enemigo. + +88 +00:04:41.310 --> 00:04:42.340 +(Risas) + +89 +00:04:42.360 --> 00:04:45.990 +A veces el software borra los libros +remotamente + +90 +00:04:46.270 --> 00:04:49.110 +tal y como Amazon hizo con +"Mil novecientos ochenta y cuatro" + +91 +00:04:49.130 --> 00:04:54.760 +A veces el desarrollador fuerza al usuario + +92 +00:04:54.840 --> 00:04:58.400 +a instalar una actualización perjudicial, + +93 +00:04:58.420 --> 00:05:01.520 +amenazando con eliminar alguna +otra funcionalidad + +94 +00:05:01.550 --> 00:05:04.660 +si no se instala, como lo hizo +Sony. + +95 +00:05:04.690 --> 00:05:09.440 +Pueden incluso cambiar por la fuerza +el software a distancia + +96 +00:05:09.440 --> 00:05:14.630 +como Microsoft puede con Windows +mediante la puerta trasera universal. + +97 +00:05:14.670 --> 00:05:18.170 +Incluso pueden sabotear a los usuarios, + +98 +00:05:18.210 --> 00:05:23.370 +como Microsoft cuando le cuenta a +la NSA sobre fallos en Windows, + +99 +00:05:23.390 --> 00:05:26.670 +información que pueden usar para +atacar las computadoras de la gente. + +100 +00:05:26.690 --> 00:05:30.750 +Eso es lo que básicamente tienes, +con el software privativo, + +101 +00:05:30.770 --> 00:05:33.790 +el dueño tiene el poder sobre +los usuarios, + +102 +00:05:33.800 --> 00:05:36.340 +y se aprovecha de este poder, + +103 +00:05:36.600 --> 00:05:39.900 +para definir algunas +funcionalidades maliciosas + +104 +00:05:39.910 --> 00:05:41.930 +para dañar al usuario. + +105 +00:05:41.950 --> 00:05:44.910 +Por supuesto que no lo hacen +porque sean sádicos; + +106 +00:05:44.940 --> 00:05:47.710 +lo hacen únicamente por dinero, +por avaricia. + +107 +00:05:47.730 --> 00:05:51.110 +Tienen varias formas para sacar provecho + +108 +00:05:51.130 --> 00:05:53.750 +de este poder sobre los usuarios, + +109 +00:05:53.790 --> 00:05:58.350 +que no hace que incluso que los más +pequeños sean menos malvados. + +110 +00:05:58.370 --> 00:06:00.250 +Ellos no se avergüenzan por esto. + +111 +00:06:00.260 --> 00:06:04.100 +Incluso hacen conferencias donde +hablan sobre las últimas novedades + +112 +00:06:04.310 --> 00:06:08.370 +sobre cómo aprovecharse del usuario +gracias al poder que tienen. + +113 +00:06:08.390 --> 00:06:11.100 +Básicamente, el software privativo, + +114 +00:06:11.100 --> 00:06:15.820 +que es ahora para la mayoría de usuarios +de software privativo, + +115 +00:06:15.840 --> 00:06:18.590 +están usando malware privativo. + +116 +00:06:18.610 --> 00:06:21.200 +Es "software para tontos". + +117 +00:06:21.480 --> 00:06:24.810 +¿Cómo dejar de ser una víctima? + +118 +00:06:24.850 --> 00:06:28.930 +Antiguamente tenías que dejar de usar +computadoras, pero ya no. + +119 +00:06:28.940 --> 00:06:34.260 +Ahora, puedes unirte a nosotros en +el mundo libre que hemos creado. + +120 +00:06:34.290 --> 00:06:38.120 +En 1983, anuncie que desarrollaría + +121 +00:06:38.170 --> 00:06:41.820 +un sistema operativo totalmente libre +llamado GNU. + +122 +00:06:41.830 --> 00:06:45.410 +En 1992, lo teníamos casi terminado, + +123 +00:06:45.430 --> 00:06:48.170 +pero faltaba una pieza, el núcleo [kernel]. + +124 +00:06:48.200 --> 00:06:52.540 +Linus Torvalds, en aquel año, liberó +el núcleo Linux, + +125 +00:06:52.580 --> 00:06:55.180 +con el que llenar el último hueco, +y nos dio + +126 +00:06:55.190 --> 00:07:00.450 +el primer sistema operativo completo +para arrancar en un PC: GNU/Linux. + +127 +00:07:00.790 --> 00:07:07.400 +Desafortunadamente, tener libertad por +un lado no te garantiza mantenerla. + +128 +00:07:07.410 --> 00:07:11.400 +Hay más de un centenar de versiones +diferentes de GNU/Linux. + +129 +00:07:11.430 --> 00:07:13.410 +Conocidas como distribuciones. + +130 +00:07:13.430 --> 00:07:16.270 +Algunas son enteramente software libre; + +131 +00:07:16.270 --> 00:07:18.950 +muchas contienen software privativo, + +132 +00:07:18.950 --> 00:07:22.580 +porque las mantienen personas +no preocupada por la libertad. + +133 +00:07:22.600 --> 00:07:26.860 +Lo añaden a la conciencia +a costa de la libertad. + +134 +00:07:26.870 --> 00:07:30.960 +Por ello tienes que comprobar +que distribución es libre. + +135 +00:07:30.980 --> 00:07:33.750 +Mantener tu libertad requiere +un sacrificio, + +136 +00:07:33.760 --> 00:07:37.720 +a veces un gran sacrificio, como +en Lexington. + +137 +00:07:37.760 --> 00:07:43.950 +En nuestra campaña tienden a ser +pequeños sacrificios. + +138 +00:07:43.970 --> 00:07:48.330 +Cualquier con un poco de madurez +puede hacerlos. + +139 +00:07:48.360 --> 00:07:52.680 +Por ejemplo, quieres aplicaciones pero +algunas no son libres. + +140 +00:07:52.690 --> 00:07:55.390 +Si quieres libertad, tienes +que hacerlo sin ellas. + +141 +00:07:55.410 --> 00:07:58.630 +Puede haber algunos inconvenientes + +142 +00:07:58.790 --> 00:08:01.320 +a sufrir por el bien de su libertad. + +143 +00:08:01.350 --> 00:08:05.850 +Algunas sitios web ejecutan +en el navegador + +144 +00:08:05.860 --> 00:08:09.170 +software privativo +escritos en JavaScript. + +145 +00:08:09.190 --> 00:08:11.420 +Si no quieres ejecutar +software privativo, + +146 +00:08:11.430 --> 00:08:13.870 +deberías instalar LibreJS + +147 +00:08:13.900 --> 00:08:17.570 +que bloquea, y evita +el JavaScript no libre. + +148 +00:08:17.590 --> 00:08:21.900 +A veces, los servidores +te ofrecen realizar tus tareas. + +149 +00:08:21.910 --> 00:08:24.250 +Dicen, "Envíanos toda tu información." + +150 +00:08:24.260 --> 00:08:26.120 +Obviamente, para tontos. + +151 +00:08:26.120 --> 00:08:30.210 +El servidor hace la tarea y te +devuelve los resultados. + +152 +00:08:30.220 --> 00:08:32.860 +Supuestamente no deberías pensar +sobre que lo que pasa, + +153 +00:08:32.890 --> 00:08:37.530 +porque es una "nube", y no puedes +ver lo que ocurre. + +154 +00:08:37.550 --> 00:08:39.180 +Pues deberías mirar. + +155 +00:08:39.190 --> 00:08:42.480 +Se ofrece como un sustituto +del software, + +156 +00:08:42.510 --> 00:08:47.300 +y le quita el control de su computadora. + +157 +00:08:47.330 --> 00:08:50.370 +Una gran parte de los +servidores del mundo + +158 +00:08:50.790 --> 00:08:53.130 +se ejecutan sobre GNU/Linux +y otro software libre. + +159 +00:08:53.140 --> 00:08:56.980 +Sin embargo, creo que las computadoras +mas importantes donde establecer libertad + +160 +00:08:57.120 --> 00:09:00.760 +son las suyas, no las de los servidores. + +161 +00:09:00.790 --> 00:09:02.610 +También merecen ser libres. + +162 +00:09:02.620 --> 00:09:05.940 +Pero por encima de todo es la gente +la que merece libertad. + +163 +00:09:05.950 --> 00:09:08.870 +Necesitamos avanzar, + +164 +00:09:08.870 --> 00:09:12.290 +y para ello, tenemos +que cruzar algunos obstáculos. + +165 +00:09:12.320 --> 00:09:14.540 +Uno de ellos son las grandes compañías + +166 +00:09:14.550 --> 00:09:17.640 +que hacen mucho dinero teniendo +el control sobre los usuarios. + +167 +00:09:17.660 --> 00:09:19.870 +No quieren dejarnos avanzar. + +168 +00:09:19.890 --> 00:09:22.850 +Tenemos que vencer su oposición. + +169 +00:09:22.880 --> 00:09:27.280 +Otra son los medios de comunicación +principales que no hablan del software libre. + +170 +00:09:27.290 --> 00:09:32.350 +Tienen un término que usan para +evitar hablar de cuestiones éticas. + +171 +00:09:32.380 --> 00:09:35.230 +Lo llaman "código abierto". + +172 +00:09:35.260 --> 00:09:39.450 +Ahora, se habla más o menos de +los mismos programas, + +173 +00:09:39.470 --> 00:09:41.390 +pero con diferentes ideas. + +174 +00:09:41.410 --> 00:09:43.650 +Donde los activistas del +software libre dicen, + +175 +00:09:43.660 --> 00:09:45.580 +"Es una cuestión de lo correcto y +lo incorrecto. + +176 +00:09:45.600 --> 00:09:47.850 +Los usuarios precisan libertad, +queremos libertad." + +177 +00:09:47.870 --> 00:09:50.750 +La gente que dice código abierto, +no quieren decir eso. + +178 +00:09:50.770 --> 00:09:52.170 +En cambio, dicen, + +179 +00:09:52.190 --> 00:09:55.770 +"Dejen a los usuarios cambiar +el software y redistribuirlo, + +180 +00:09:55.840 --> 00:09:57.620 +y mejorarán el código. + +181 +00:09:57.650 --> 00:09:58.900 +Corregirán muchos fallos." + +182 +00:10:00.160 --> 00:10:01.430 +Quizás sea sea verdad, pero + +183 +00:10:01.430 --> 00:10:04.700 +Si queremos mantener nuestra libertad, +tenemos que hablar de la libertad. + +184 +00:10:04.720 --> 00:10:08.320 +Digan "software libre", y así +nos ayudarán todo el tiempo. + +185 +00:10:08.360 --> 00:10:12.680 +Otro obstáculo es que muchas escuelas +enseñan software no libre, + +186 +00:10:12.700 --> 00:10:16.240 +que básicamente es como enseñar +a los niños a fumar tabaco. + +187 +00:10:16.250 --> 00:10:18.220 +Es implantar la dependencia, + +188 +00:10:18.240 --> 00:10:20.560 +lo opuesto a lo que las escuelas +deberían hacer. + +189 +00:10:20.560 --> 00:10:24.570 +La escuela debería preparar a +los ciudadanos para vivir + +190 +00:10:24.580 --> 00:10:30.900 +en una sociedad fuerte, capaz, +independiente y cooperativa, + +191 +00:10:30.910 --> 00:10:34.550 +lo cual significa, enseñar software libre +en las escuelas. + +192 +00:10:34.570 --> 00:10:37.460 +Pero hay otra razón para hacer esto +por la educación. + +193 +00:10:37.480 --> 00:10:40.770 +Algunos niños quieren convertirse +en programadores, son curiosos. + +194 +00:10:40.770 --> 00:10:42.660 +Quieren saber cómo funciona +el programa. + +195 +00:10:42.670 --> 00:10:45.670 +Cuando alguien que estudia software libre +puede comprenderlo, + +196 +00:10:45.690 --> 00:10:49.430 +el que estudia software no libre +no puede aprender nada, + +197 +00:10:49.440 --> 00:10:53.190 +porque el conocimiento en +el programa no libre + +198 +00:10:53.220 --> 00:10:56.490 +es retenido y negado a los estudiantes. + +199 +00:10:56.510 --> 00:10:58.820 +Para defender el espíritu de la educación, + +200 +00:10:58.840 --> 00:11:01.380 +la escuela debería asegurarse de +que sus programas son libres. + +201 +00:11:01.390 --> 00:11:04.280 +Pero aún hay una razón más importante: + +202 +00:11:04.300 --> 00:11:07.170 +Las escuelas deberían enseñar el espíritu +de la buena voluntad, + +203 +00:11:07.180 --> 00:11:09.320 +el hábito de ayudar a otros. + +204 +00:11:09.330 --> 00:11:11.120 +La clase debería decir, + +205 +00:11:11.130 --> 00:11:13.440 +"Si traes un programa a clase, + +206 +00:11:13.450 --> 00:11:15.830 +es como si llevaras galletas a clase, + +207 +00:11:15.850 --> 00:11:17.870 +tienes que compartirlas con todos. + +208 +00:11:17.880 --> 00:11:19.560 +No puedes guardártelas para ti solo. + +209 +00:11:19.570 --> 00:11:23.680 +Tienes que compartir el código fuente, +para que otros puedan aprender. + +210 +00:11:23.710 --> 00:11:27.100 +Así que no traigas ningún +código privativo a esta clase." + +211 +00:11:27.100 --> 00:11:31.890 +La escuela tiene que dar un buen ejemplo +siguiendo sus propias normas: + +212 +00:11:31.900 --> 00:11:34.560 +Deberías traer únicamente +software libre a esta clase, + +213 +00:11:34.600 --> 00:11:39.290 +excepto si es un ejercicio +de ingeniería inversa. + +214 +00:11:39.310 --> 00:11:41.920 +Otro obstáculo es que hay hardware + +215 +00:11:41.940 --> 00:11:44.680 +para el cual no sabemos cómo +escribir el código, + +216 +00:11:44.700 --> 00:11:47.460 +porque tampoco nos cuentan cómo +usar dicho hardware. + +217 +00:11:47.480 --> 00:11:50.200 +Es sorprendente que quieran +venderte el producto + +218 +00:11:50.210 --> 00:11:52.290 +y no te digan cómo usarlo. + +219 +00:11:52.300 --> 00:11:55.780 +Dicen, "Aquí tienes un programa +no libre para utilizarlo. + +220 +00:11:55.790 --> 00:11:59.240 +Ejecútalo y calla. +No nos molestes." + +221 +00:11:59.300 --> 00:12:03.900 +¿Cómo se puede averiguar cómo funciona +ese hardware con ingeniería inversa? + +222 +00:12:03.910 --> 00:12:08.550 +Tienes que estudiar todos esos ceros +y uno para imaginarte qué hacen, + +223 +00:12:08.580 --> 00:12:11.390 +y anotar cómo utilizar el hardware, + +224 +00:12:11.410 --> 00:12:14.370 +para que alguien pueda escribir +el programa libre que lo haga. + +225 +00:12:14.390 --> 00:12:16.690 +Es un trabajo duro pero puede hacerse. + +226 +00:12:16.700 --> 00:12:19.280 +Si quieres hacer una +gran contribución técnica, + +227 +00:12:19.300 --> 00:12:21.240 +eso es lo que deberías hacer. + +228 +00:12:21.270 --> 00:12:24.650 +Cada nueva área, actividad de la vida, + +229 +00:12:24.690 --> 00:12:28.860 +puede traer consigo nuevos derechos +humanos que son necesarios. + +230 +00:12:28.880 --> 00:12:31.300 +Los derechos humanos dependen +unos de los otros. + +231 +00:12:31.310 --> 00:12:32.760 +Si pierdes uno, + +232 +00:12:32.780 --> 00:12:35.550 +resulta difícil mantener los otros. + +233 +00:12:35.570 --> 00:12:39.770 +Por eso, hoy día la programación +es tan importante para la sociedad + +234 +00:12:39.790 --> 00:12:44.590 +que las libertades del software libre +se encuentran entre los derechos humanos + +235 +00:12:44.750 --> 00:12:47.170 +que la sociedad debe establecer y proteger. + +236 +00:12:47.170 --> 00:12:49.630 +¿Cómo ayudar? + +237 +00:12:49.650 --> 00:12:51.670 +Puedes escribir software libre, + +238 +00:12:51.690 --> 00:12:54.460 +organizar grupos en una campaña + +239 +00:12:54.470 --> 00:12:58.150 +y persuadir a las escuelas y gobiernos +para promover el software libre. + +240 +00:12:58.170 --> 00:13:01.790 +Puedes ayudar a otra gente cuando +tienen problemas usando software libre, + +241 +00:13:01.810 --> 00:13:03.680 +o incluso con la instalación. + +242 +00:13:03.690 --> 00:13:08.370 +Puedes decir, "software libre," +y esparcir la idea filosófica. + +243 +00:13:08.390 --> 00:13:13.270 +Cambiarse al software libre es el primer +paso de la liberación del ciberespacio, + +244 +00:13:13.290 --> 00:13:15.400 +pero por supuesto, necesitamos Internet. + +245 +00:13:15.420 --> 00:13:17.310 +Necesitamos otras libertades allí, + +246 +00:13:17.600 --> 00:13:20.720 +como la neutralidad de la red, y poner fin a + +247 +00:13:20.750 --> 00:13:24.470 +la vigilancia de las personas. + +248 +00:13:24.830 --> 00:13:27.290 +(Aplausos) -- cgit v1.2.3